1. Jacksonian Period
Did you know that Andrew Jackson is one of the few Presidents to have a time period in our history named specifically for him?

2. Importance of Cotton Gin and impact on slavery:
The Cotton Gin made it easier to separate seeds from cotton which makes it profitable to grow cotton.
More cotton will be grown
Cotton growing spreads west
Because Cotton spreads, MORE SLAVES are needed throughout the south.

3. Cotton Gins and Presses

4. Sectionalism Sectionalism is a loyalty to your region of the country
EXAMPLES:
Southerners were loyal to the south because they all shared the same way of life – a cotton planter economy
Northerners were devoted to their way of life and their economy – their economy was based on manufacturing and industry

5. Economic Differences?
North – Industry
South - Agricultural

6. Systems of North and South
Factory System VS.
Plantation System

7. Southern Argument concerning Slavery and immigrant labor
Southerners pointed out that the conditions under which many poor immigrants lived and worked was just as bad if not worse than that of slaves on plantations.

8. Political Differences between North, South and West
Westerners and Southerners believed in states having more power, believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution, they did not trust Northerners to represent their interests in government
Northerners believed in a strong central government that could enact policies that favor national commerce – meaning – they supported the government making laws that supported northern industry

9. Taxes on imported goods
Tariffs
Taxes on imported goods
Purpose of tariffs? To encourage Americans to buy American made products.

10. Why were southerners opposed to tariffs?
Southerners opposed tariffs because tariffs raised the price of manufactured goods which the south purchased.
It also made countries who bought cotton from the south impose tariffs on cotton
So in general, it hurt the trade relationship between southern planters and other countries.

11. Three Points of Clay’s System
Tariffs to protect American Manufacturing
Internal improvements – building roads and canals for travel and trade – improving the internal transportation system – use federal money to pay states for these improvements
Renewing the Charter for the national bank – a national bank was necessary

12. What caused democracy to increase?
More Democracy
As more people moved west – they demanded an equal say in government.

13. How did westerners feel about eastern elites?
They did not trust these people to protect their interests when holding public office or voting in Congress.

14. How was Andrew Jackson viewed?
Jackson was viewed as a “common man” and therefore, the first President that was truly representative of most of the people. He was also a hero from the Battle of New Orleans – War of 1812.

15. Jackson’s views about regular people and what did he favor?
Jackson believed in equal rights for western settlers, the regular people
He favored “Universal Suffrage” meaning – he favored allowing all white men to vote, not just those who owned property

16. How did suffrage expand?
As new states joined the Union, many of them did not have property rights as a condition for voting.
Soon after, in the late 1820’s, most eastern states also dropped the property requirement for voting.
Therefore, more people are voting and the votes of the common people are now an influence.

17. Who did not gain suffrage during Jackson’s era?
Native Americans, Slaves and
Women

18. What was the Spoils System?
This is the practice of rewarding government jobs to friends who helped you get elected.
While it is a common practice – Jackson took the idea to a new level and was criticized for it.

19. Why did Jackson believe in the Spoils System?
Jackson felt that this was a great way to reward his supporters and also
It encouraged common people to become more politically involved.

20. Result in later Presidencies?
It would lead to corruption in government and government reform of the system would be called for and instituted.

21. Laissez-Faire Economics
This means that the government should not be involved in business at all.
In this theory, government should neither pass laws that hurt or help business.
No government regulation.

22. Why did Jackson follow this policy for the most part?
Jackson wanted larger businesses and plantations to thrive, but he also wanted to make sure that small merchants and small landowners had as much chance to succeed as rich manufacturers. He did occasionally support moderate tariffs as long as they did not hurt small farmers.

23. Jackson’s view of tariffs
He supported them as long as they were moderate and did not hurt the businesses of small landowners/farmers.

24. Jackson’s View of the Constitution
In theory, Jackson supported a strict interpretation.
Example: When South Carolina passed the Nullification Act and stated that they would not pay high tariffs (Tariff of Abominations) Jackson threatened to use force to make SC follow the tariff laws.
(See more on the Nullification Crisis by clicking on the link below)
definition-summary-quiz.html#lesson
However, Jackson occasionally pushed the boundaries of the Constitution by taking actions that were NOT given to the President. For example, in spite of the Supreme Court ruling in favor of the Cherokee, Jackson ordered the military to remove Natives from their land anyway. (Trail of Tears.)

25. The Nullification Crisis – a short video

26. Jackson’s View of the National Bank
Like Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson viewed the National Bank as unconstitutional. When it came time for the bank to renew its charter, Jackson refused to sign the bill, and then he closed the bank and had his Secretary of the Treasury put that money in state banks.
This quickly led to an economic crisis: See video link below: