1. Charlemagne Unites Germanic Tribes
Chapter 13
Section 1

2. Key Terms Middle ages Franks Monastery Secular Carolingian Dynasty
Charlemagne

3. Invasions of Western Europe
5th Century Germanic tribes overrun the Romans
Disruption of trade
Merchants face invasions, business collapses
Downfall of cities
Cities abandoned as centers of administration

4. Invasions of Western Europe
Population shifts
Nobles retreat to rural areas
City dwellers flee to countryside
Grew their own food
Western Europe becomes rural

5. The Decline of Learning
Germanic invaders could not read or write
Learning declined as families moved to the country
Priests and church officials were literate
Few could read Greek works
Germans no written language

6. Loss of Common Language
Germanic speaking mixed with Romans
Latin changed
Different dialects developed with new words and phrases
800’s, French, Spanish, and other Roman based languages evolved from Latin

7. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge
small Germanic kingdoms emerge
Concept of Government Changes
Family ties personal loyalty replace citizenship in a public state
Lived in small communities
Unwritten rules

8. The Concept of Government Changes
Germanic chief led warriors
Peacetime followers lived in Chief’s hall
Gave out food, weapons, treasure
No obligation to obey a king
Not obey officials sent by king to collect taxes

9. Clovis Rules the Franks
Gaul- Germanic people called the Franks held power
Clovis was their leader
Brought Christianity
Prayed for victory
Clovis and 3,000 warriors baptized by a bishop

10. Clovis Rules the Franks
Church in Rome welcomed the conversion
Supported campaigns against Germanic people
511 unites the Franks into one kingdom
Partnership between Franks and the Church

11. Germans Adopt Christianity
600’s many German people had converted
Missionaries spread Christianity
’s worked with Celts and Germans
Fear of Muslim attack caused many to convert

12. Monasteries, Convents, Manuscripts
Monasteries is a religious community
Men called monks devote lives to God
Women called nuns went to convents
520 Benedict Italian monk wrote strict rules

13. Monasteries, Convents, and Manuscripts
Scholastica (Benedicts sister) headed a convent under the same rules
Monasteries best educated communities
’s Monks made beautiful copies of religious writings
Preserved Rome’s heritage

14. Papal Power Expands Under Gregory
590 Gregory I
Broadened papal authority
More than spiritual
Became secular or worldly power
Involved with politics
Pope’s palace center of Roman government

15. Papal Power Expands Under Gregory
Used church revenues to raise armies, repair roads, help the poor
Negotiate peace treaty with the Lombards
Italy to England, Spain to Germany his responsibility
Churchly kingdom ruled by a pope (Middle Ages)

16. An Empire Evolves England was 7 tiny kingdoms
Some no larger than Connecticut
Franks controlled the largest and strongest of Europe’s kingdoms
511 Clovis dies
Rules most of France

17. Charles Martel Emerges
700 major domo or mayor of the palace most powerful person
Charge of royal household and estates
719 Charles Martel
732 defeats Muslims in the Battle of Tours

18. Charles Martel Emerges
Became a Christian hero
Gave power to his son Pepin the Short
Pepin worked with the Pope
Pepin fought Lombard's at church request
Carolingian Dynasty rules Franks

19. Charlemagne Becomes Emperor
Ruled kingdom 6’4” tall
Built empire greater than ancient Rome
Fought Muslims in Spain
Reunited western Europe
Spread Christianity

20. Charlemagne Becomes Emperor
800 Charlemagne’s empire larger than Byzantine Empire
800 traveled to Rome and put down a mob
Pope Leo II confers title of “Roman Emperor”
Joining of Germanic power and the church

21. Charlemagne Leads Revival
Limited power of nobles
Sent out royal agents
Made sure powerful landowners governed justly
Visited parts of the kingdom
Encouragement of learning
Surrounded himself with scholars

22. Charlemagne’s Heirs Opened a palace school
Ordered monasteries to train monks and future priests
Louis the Pious emperor
ineffective ruler
Had three sons
Lothair, Charles the Bald, Louis the German
843 Treaty of Verdun