1. You may use this study guide to review for your test; practice your new skills or review old concepts. Each topic has several questions relating to it, this should help with giving you plenty of practice.

2. Balancing Equations AA B CBC Alkanes AA B CBC Alkenes A BA B CC Alkynes ABC Vocabulary AA B CBC Naming AA B CBC Bonding Concepts AA B CBC Carbon Concepts AA B CBC

3. Balance the following organic reaction: C 2 H 6 + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O 2:8:4:6

4. Balance the following organic reaction: C 3 H 8 + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O 1:5:3:4

5. Balance the following organic reaction: C 5 H 8 + O 2 → CO 2 + H 2 O 1:7:5:4

6. Alkanes are considered to be what type of hydrocarbons and why? Saturated because they only contain single bonds which means that you have the maximum number of hydrogens in the compound.

7. What is the general formula for an alkane? C n H n+2

8. How many H will you have in an alkane with 3 C? 8

9. What makes an alkene unique? They are carbon compounds that have a double bond.

10. Are alkenes more or less reactive than an alkane? Why? More reactive because the double bond makes the carbon chain more unstable.

11. What is the name of C4H8? Butene

12. What is the name of C5H8? Pentyne

13. All alkynes contain at least one ______bond. triple

14. How many pairs of electrons are shared in a triple bond? 3

15. Hydrocarbons contain only what elements? Hydrogen and carbon

16. What is fractal distallation? The process of separating various components of a liquid mixture usually based on boiling point.

17. What is combustion and why is it important? Combustion is the process of burning and it is the most important type of chemical reaction for alkanes which are usually used as fuel.

18. How would you go about naming a saturated hydrocarbon with 6 carbons in the chain? With 6 carbons in the chain I need the prefix for 6 which is hexa and being that it is saturated it only has single bonds which makes it’s ending –ane so the compound is hexane.

19. How would you name an unsaturated hydrocarbon with 3 C in the chain and 1 double bond? 3 C in the chain gets the prefix pro- and with a double bond the ending of –ene so the compound is called propene.

20. What is the name of this compound, you might want to draw a structural diagram for it. C 7 H 12 Heptyne

21. Why does C form so many bonds? C contains 4 valence electrons which means that it is able to bond in some form with 4 other electrons, this gives it a lot of versitility in how and what it bonds with.

22. What types of bonds does C form? Covalent

23. What orbitals do the bonding electrons come from in the Carbon and what phenomena occurs to allow this bonding? 2 electrons are coming from the p orbital and 2 from the s but one of the s electrons jumps up to the vacant p orbital for bonding producing the hybridized orbital sp3.

24. What determines if a compound is organic or inorganic? An organic compound must contain carbon but not all carbon compounds are organic. Metal carbonates and CO and CO2 are some examples of inorganic carbon compounds.

25. Living organisms and their by products tend to produce what types of compounds? Organic

26. Carbon in it’s pure form tends to form two types of crystals, what are they and how are they different? Graphite and Diamond, graphite is soft, 2D and very slippery while diamond has a 3D structures where the C are held very tightly and makes it very hard.