1. Chapter 11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry

2. Organic Chemistry is the study of compounds that contain C All organic compounds contain the element C Inorganic compounds are those without C

3. Things to Remember A carbon atom with 4 bonds is tetrahedral. C - 4 bondsGroup VII - 1 bond H - 1 bond O - 2 bonds N - 3 bonds S - 2 bonds

4. Electronegativity Is the love of an element for electrons Increases across the periodic table and decreases down the periodic table is the basis for polarity

5. Properties of Organic Compounds Covalent Bonds Non-polar unless electronegative atom is attached Insoluble in water unless polar or electronegative group is present Flammability is high Boiling Pt. Is low; melting pt. Is low

6. Functional Groups 1.Alkanes - only single bonds 2.Alkenes - have double bond(s) 3.Alkynes - have triple bond(s) 4.Alcohols - have -OH group 5.Aldehydes - have H attached to C in C=O 6.Ketones - have 2 C’s attached to C in C=O

7. More Functional Groups 7.Carboxylic acids - have -COOH group 8.Esters - have -COOR 9.Thiols - have -SH group 10. Ethers - have R - O - R configuration 10. Amines - have -NH group 11. Amides - have -CONR group

8. Constitutional Isomers compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements in space ( atoms are connected differently)

9. Focus 1. Nomenclature (naming of compounds) 2. Drawing of compounds 3. REACTIONS (+ reagents + products) 4. Synthesis