1. Chapter 16 Persuasive Speaking

2. The nature of persuasive speeches Persuasive Speeches attempt to influence audience members

3. Incorporating persuasive strategies: Relate main and supporting points to your audience If you can relate your message to your listener’s various needs, you are more likely to persuade them.

4. The nature of a persuasive speech: Fact, value, or policy claims

5. Organize your persuasive speech: Use a Causal pattern in which one main point causes another. Example: –Thesis: Fast-food restaurants are a significant cause of health problems in the United States.

6. Organize your persuasive speech: Use a comparison pattern when you want to claim that two things are similar or different. Example: –Thesis: There are significant differences between the two candidates for the legislature in our district.

7. Organize your persuasive speech: Use a categorical pattern when each main point reflects a different reason that you believe your fact claim is true. Example: –Thesis: The earth is experiencing global warming.

8. Organize your persuasive speech: Use a criteria- application pattern when one point establishes standards for the value judgment you make and the next point applies it to your thesis. Example: –Thesis: Community service is a valuable part of the college experience.

9. Organize your persuasive speech: Value claims Use a categorical pattern when listeners understand each point’s relevance to the claim, making it unnecessary for you to explain how each main point supports your value judgment. Example: –Thesis: Advanced driver-training courses are beneficial.

10. Organize your persuasive speech: Policy claims Use a motivated sequence pattern that uses the following five steps: –Attention –Need –Satisfaction –Visualization –Action

11. Organize your persuasive speech: Policy claims Use a problem- cause-solution pattern that consists of the following three points: –Present the problem. –Demonstrate how the existing organizational or institutional policies will not solve it. –Present a solution to minimize the problem.

12. Organize your persuasive speech: Policy claims Use a comparative advantage format to persuade listeners that your proposal would be better than the status quo, although a policy change is not urgent. –The first point on your outline reveals your solution. –Each subsequent point details an advantage of your solution.

13. Chapter 17 Methods of persuasion

14. Methods of persuasion: Introduction To influence your audience’s attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors, you should focus on three persuasive skills in your presentation: ethos (establishing her credibility as a speaker) logos (presenting sound reasoning behind her claims) pathos (using emotional appeals)

15. Logos (facts and reasoning): Avoid fallacies!! Reasoning is faulty when link between claim and supporting material is weak.