1. The Calvin Cycle AKA light independent reaction AKA dark reaction

2. The Calvin Cycle overview
Second biochemical pathway of photosynthesis.
Produces organic compounds (glucose)
Uses ATP and NADPH for energy
Named after Melvin Calvin.
Has 3 main stages
Occurs in the Stoma
Melvin Calvin

3. Stage 1: Carbon Fixation
Reactants: 6 CO2 is combined with 6RuBP (ribulose biphospate)
RuBP: p-c-c-c-c-c-p
The enzyme Rubisco (carbonxylase) is used
Products: 12 PGA (has 3 carbons & 1 phosphate)
Energy from 12 ATP & 12 NADPH

4. Stage 2: Reduction 2 PGAL molecules are used to make 1 Glucose
(a 6 carbon sugar)

5. Stage 3: Regeneration 10 PGAL molecules are use to REGENERATE the RuBP
6 more ATP are used

6. Photosynthesis Summary
Light Reaction
Calvin Cycle
Carbon Dioxide
Sunlight
Water
RuBP
PGA
NADPH
ATP
PGAL
Oxygen
Glucose

7. To sum up…
The Calvin cycle is a 3 step process where the energy from 18 ATP and 12 NAPDH (made during the light dependent reactions)
is used to combine 6 CO2 with 6 RuBP to make 1 glucose. It is a cycle because intermediate molecules are used to reform RuBP. It happens in the stroma and O2 is a waste product.