1. Photosynthesis
Chapter 6

2. Vocabulary—Breaking Down The Definitions
Photosynthesis
Electron transport chain
Light Reactions
Pigment
Thylakoids
Chloroplast
Grana
Calvin cycle
Stroma
Carbon fixation
Photosystem
Primary electron acceptor

3. Photosynthesis—What Do We Already Know?
Have them independently brainstorm what they know, share in groups, write on board

4. Photosynthesis—Obtaining Energy
Autotrophs use the process of photosynthesis to convert light energy into organic compounds.

5. Chemical Equation—Quiz on this Next Meeting!6 6

6. Photosynthesis Brain Pop

7. Overview Photosynthesis
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Sunlight/Photons
Chloroplast
Light Reactions
Photosystem II
Cytochrome Complex
ATP Synthase
Photosystem I
Dark Reactions/Calvin Cycle
Phase 1-Carbon Fixation
Reduction
Regeneration

8. 2 Stages of Photosynthesis
Light Reactions—In the Thylakoids
Light Energy (from the sun) is converted to chemical energy, which is temporarily stored in ATP and the energy carrier molecule NADPH.
Calvin Cycle—In the Stroma
A series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produces a three-carbon sugar.

9. Photosynthesis Song
Mr parr

10. Inside a Chloroplast Photosynthesis takes place inside a chloroplast
The chloroplast contains saclike membranes called THYLAKOIDS
THYLAKOIDS are arranged in stacks called GRANA
The Chlorophyll is inside the thylakoids
The STROMA is the region outside of the thylakoids

12. The first stage of photosynthesis is the LIGHT REACTIONS.
Light is absorbed by the chloroplasts
Light Energy is converted to Chemical Energy (stored in ATP and NADPH)

13. Light Reactions Continued
Oxygen is given off during this reaction.
Chlorophyll in the chloroplast contains pigments (compounds that absorb light) that absorb a lot of blue and red light but reflect green light (giving plants their green color.

14. Light Reactions Continued
An oxidation reaction takes place, losing electrons and the primary electron acceptor takes on the lost electrons in a reduction reaction.
The primary electron acceptor donates the electrons to a series of molecules in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.

15. Light Reactions Continued
These molecules are called an electron transport chain.
As the electrons pass through the chain they lose energy.
Light is absorbed at this point and the electrons combine with a proton and NADP+
NADP+ is then reduced through another reduction reaction to NADPH.

17. Making ATP in Light Reactions
ATP is the energy in cells.
The movement o protons into the stroma of the chloroplast releases energy, which is used to produce ATP.
The energy is harnessed by an enzyme, ATP Synthase, which is in the thylakoid membrane

18. Photosynthesis—Light Reactions Video Clip
1st half of Biology Crash Course Photosynthesis

19. Label the diagram
Have a handout for the kids, then fill in whole class

20. Label Another Diagram…

21. INTERACTIVE
Words
Summarize the LIGHT REACTIONS of photosynthesis

22. Light Reactions Video Clips
Add to your summary if you need to!
Light reactions by NDSU, about 5 min
clay animation, just over a minute

23. Let’s hear that song again…
Pass out Lyrics?

24. Dark Reactions/Calvin Cycle
In the second set of reactions in photosynthesis plants use the energy that was stored in ATP and NADPH during the light reactions to produce sugars.
Most common way this is done is called the CALVIN CYCLE.
Calvin Cycle Song!
Sciencemusic videos

25. Occurs in the STROMA of the chloroplast.
Calvin Cycle
A series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produce a 3-Carbon Sugar.
Occurs in the STROMA of the chloroplast.

26. 4 Steps of the Calvin Cycle
3 CO2 molecules diffuse into the stroma and combine with a 5-Carbon molecule, RuBP. This molecule is very unstable and it quickly splits into 2 3-Carbon molecules called 3- PGA.
Each 3-PGA is converted into another 3 Carbon molecule, G3P after receiving a phosphate group from ATP and a proton from NADPH.
Step 1
Step 2

27. 4 Steps of the Calvin Cycle
One of the G3P molecules leave the Calvin Cycle to make carbohydrates which are stored for later use.
The remaining 3GP molecules are converted back into RuBP by adding phosphate groups from ATP and then the Calvin Cycle begins again.
Step 3
Step 4

28. Step 1—3 CO2 molecules combine to form RuBP (6 carbon molecule) which splits into 3 PGA
Step 4– The rest of the G3P is converted back into RuBP/Rubisco
Calvin Cycle
Step 3– One molecule of G3P leaves the cycle to make sugars
Step 2—Each molecule of 3 PGA is converted to G3P

29. Calvin Cycle Video Clip
2nd half of crash course

30. INTERACTIVE
Label

31. Let’s hear that song again…

32. Spinach Disk Assay Lab

33. Light Color and Intensity and its effect on Photosynthesis