1. Gorman, Stubbs, & CEP Inc. 1 Introduction to Operating Systems Lesson 14 Novell Netware 6.0

2. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 2 Objectives Install NetWare server software 6.0 Describe Novell’s network objects. Effectively use Novell ConsoleOne to create NDS objects. Manage a NetWare file system with volumes, directories, and files. Create NetWare users and groups. Secure the NetWare network environment.

3. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 3 Pre-installation of Netware 5.1 Minimum Hardware Requirements Recommended ProcessorIntel Pentium II or higher processor DisplaySuper VGA or higher resolution DOS partitionAt least 200MB or higher with 200MB of free space MemoryAt least 256MB of RAM Network boardOne or more network boards MousePS/2 USB or serial mouse CD-ROM18X or higher speed CD-ROM drive

4. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 4 Other Necessary Tools NetWare 6.0 operating system CD NetWare 6.0 License and Cryptography diskette DOS 3.3 or later (Novell DOS 7 is included on the NetWare 6.0 License/Cryptography diskette) – Do not use the version of DOS that comes with Windows 98 or NT.

5. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 5 The Three Stages of Installing Netware 1. Creating a DOS partition 2. Text-based portion of setup 3. Graphical portion of setup

6. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 6 Novell’s Network Objects NDS (Novell Directory Services) is a global database of network objects and users. NDS uses a tree structure to organize all network objects. There are three major objects contained in the NDS database: – Root objects – Container objects – Leaf objects

7. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 7 The Root Object The root object is the beginning of the NDS tree. All NDS objects exist in the root. Each NDS tree can have only one root.

8. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 8 The Container Object Container objects organize the NDS tree. There are four main types of container objects: – Organization objects – Organizational Unit objects – Country objects – Locality objects

9. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 9 The Leaf Object Leaf objects hold information about network resources, such as servers and printers. The system creates two leaf objects during installation: – The NetWare Server object – The Admin user object

10. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 10 Novell ConsoleOne ConsoleOne is an administrative utility that provides a single point of administration for network resources. ConsoleOne requires a 200 MHz or faster processor, 128MB of RAM, and 37MB of disk space.

11. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 11 Disk Management The main components of the NetWare file system are – Volumes – Directories – Files

12. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 12 Volumes Volumes are used to organize the network space that is allocated for storing programs and files for access by the network. The system can use volumes to allocate disk space in three ways: – One volume per disk drive – Multiple volumes per disk drive – One volume spanning multiple disk drives (up to 32)

13. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 13 Data Storage Data is stored in volumes in units called blocks. A block is the amount of data read to or written from a volume at a time. Suballocation allows data from multiple files to be stored on the same block.

14. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 14 Guidelines for Using Volumes Up to 64 volumes are definable on one NetWare Server. The following rules apply to volumes: – Volume names must be from 2 to 15 characters long. – Each volume on the server must have a different name. – Spaces, commas, backslashes, and periods are invalid characters in volume names.

15. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 15 Suggested Guidelines for Using Volumes Always reserve the SYS volume for operating system files. Create one or more volumes for applications and data files. If fault tolerance is vital, create only one volume per disk drive. If disk performance is vital, span volumes over multiple disk drives. If both performance and fault tolerance are important, mirror the disk drives

16. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 16 Directories Directories organize files and restrict the amount of space that certain users or applications can use on a volume. The operating system stores required files and utilities in three directories on the SYS volume: – Login directory – Public directory – System directory

17. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 17 Guidelines for Creating Directories As a network administrator, you are responsible for creating directories necessary for the company to meet its needs. There are four directory types suggested by Novell: – Application directories – Shared directories – DOS directories – User Home directories

18. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 18 Files Files are used to store data on the network. At the beginning of each volume, NetWare stores the filename, location, owner, creation/access dates, and attributes in an area called the directory entry table (DET).

19. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 19 File and Folder Security The type of file system used on the drive determines the level of security that can be set. With NTFS, owners and administrators can set file and folder security.

20. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 20 Creating Users Before creating user and group objects, the container object must be created that will hold these users and groups. Properties can be assigned to each user to control their access to the network. To make the creation of many users with common restrictions easier, it is possible to create user templates. Single users and user templates are created using the ConsoleOne utility.

21. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 21 Creating Groups Groups are created to provide two or more users access to shared resources, rather than repeating the same access rights for multiple users. Groups are created using the ConsoleOne utility.

22. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 22 The Netware Security Model Login Security—Used to ensure that only authorized users have access to the network. NDS Security—Used to control users’ abilities to view, access, create, or modify objects and their associated properties.

23. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 23 Login Security User account restrictions can be set up to make sure that the user logging onto the network is authorized to do so. Intruder detection works at the container level by setting a limit on the number of incorrect login attempts that can be made by a user within the container.

24. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 24 NDS Security All objects have a property called the Access Control List (ACL). This contains the names of users, groups, or containers that have been given access rights to that object. There are two categories of user rights: – Object rights – Property rights

25. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 25 Object Rights RightAbility SupervisorGrants all access privileges BrowseGrants the right to see objects in the directory tree CreateGrants the right to create objects in the directory tree; only for container objects DeleteGrants the right to delete an object from the directory tree RenameGrants the right to rename an object in the directory tree

26. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 26 Property Rights RightAbility SupervisorGrants all rights to the property ReadGrants the right to view the stored values in the properties field CompareA special type of Read property that allows the user to compare the value of a property to a fixed value returning the value of True or False without revealing the contents of the property WriteGrants users the right to add themselves as a value of the property Add SelfGrants users the right to add themselves as a value of the property

27. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 27 Summary Novell has a global database of network objects and users called NDS to which all servers on the network have access. The NDS database contains three major objects: the root object, container objects, and leaf objects. ConsoleOne is the NetWare administrative tool that provides a single point of administration. The main components of the NetWare file system are volumes, directories, and files.

28. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 28 Summary (continued) To establish security in a network environment, every user needs to have a unique logon name. Because some of the user object properties are common to many users, you can create User Templates within each container object to make creating user objects simpler. Rather than repeating the same access rights for multiple users, you can create a group with access rights. A NetWare administrator must ensure that the network is properly secured, including limiting users of the network to the resources they need to accomplish their daily tasks.

29. Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.0 29 Summary (continued) NDS Security allows users to view, access, create, or modify objects and their properties. All objects have an ACL property which contains the names of users, groups, or containers that have been given access rights to that object. Rights are divided into object rights and property rights. Effective rights are the actual rights a user has to an object; they declare what actions a user can perform with NDS objects.