2. Global: 4/3/2014 I/O: To examine and discuss the key events that mark the start of the Cold War Key Question: How did the end of WWII, and the territorial changes contribute to the start of the Cold War? Key Words: Cold War; Containment; Truman Doctrine; Marshall Plan; Berlin Airlift CCS: 2;5 Homework: Hand in Essay #1: Last Days Study for quiz on Friday: key events in WWII – Put them in order and discuss. Quiz topics that you will put in chronological order: ***Regents Review After school

3. Quiz Topics: On 4/4/2014 Invasion of Poland “VE” Day Bombing of Japan Surrender of France Battle of Stalingrad “VJ” Day Battle of the Bulge Battle of Britain D-Day You will place them in chronological order and write a brief sentence explaining why they were important. I will also ask a short answer question on the Cold War

4. The Cold War: What is it?

6. The Cold War 1945- 1991: Beginnings

7. NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization

8. Two sides of Cold War NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization USA, France, Great Britain, West Germany CAPITALISMCAPITALISM Warsaw Pact – pro Soviet countries – USSR, and all countries controlled by the USSR. COMMUNISM

9. Cold War The Cold War was a time after WWII when the USA and the Soviet Union were rivals for world influence. The end of the Nazi Regime means there is a power vacuum in Europe. –Who will fill it??? Stalin wants to keep what he has won. We don’t want him to expand any further Two key meetings held before WWII is ended

10. YALTA (in the USSR) Date: Feb 1945 Present: Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin

11. What is agreed on? Stalin can keep what he has conquered. He agrees to “free elections” for areas he now controls. He agrees to assist us against Japan, after the war in Europe is over. All parties agree that Nazi Leaders must be put on trial.

12. POTSDAM (Germany) Date: July 1945 Present: Churchill, Truman and Stalin

13. Key points about Potsdam: July of 1945 Roosevelt died three months earlier. (April 12, ‘45) Truman is not the US president. Churchill of Great Britain will be voted out of office while the meeting is taking place. He will be replaced by a newcomer, Clement Atlee Stalin is in a very strong position, but he doesn’t know we (the US) have the Atomic Bomb!!! –What is agreed on?

14. Key points about Potsdam: July of 1945 Germany will be divided into “occupation zones” Berlin, even though it is in the Russian Zone, will also be divided The Soviets get more control of Poland and East Germany A trial for Nazi Criminals will be held in Germany A week after the meeting, we bomb the Japanese. Stalin now knows want we have!!!

15. The Cold War

16. Iron Curtain – A term used by Winston Churchill to describe the separating of Those communist lands of East Europe from the West.

17. Improve your knowledge The Russians took very high casualties to capture Berlin in May 1945. They spent the early occupation trying to take over all zones of the city but were stopped by German democrats such as Willy Brandt and Konrad Adenauer. Reluctantly the Russians had to admit the Americans, French and British to their respective zones.

18. Berlin Wall Berlin is Germany’s capital city. The Soviets will build the wall in 1961 to keep communists from escaping to the American sector.

19. Berlin Wall

22. Wall torn down in 1989.

23. Improve your knowledge The nuclear bomb gave America a lead which was expected to last at least 5 years. The rapid Russian development of nuclear technology, helped by the work of the “ atom spies ” was a shock. Significantly, Russia hurriedly declared war against Japan at the beginning of August 1945 and rushed to advance into Asia to stake out a position for the post- war settlement. This helped make both the Korean and Vietnamese conflicts more likely.

24. The Marshall Plan We begin to rebuild Western Europe We did not want poverty and social unrest to lead people to seek communism as relief We also understand that a strong Western Europe will help to contain Stalin and the USSR BY assisting countries like Britain and France, we knew they would also be allies!!!

26. Berlin blockade led to Berlin Airlift

27. Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine in March 1947 promised that the USA “ would support free peoples who are resisting ” communism. This led to containment – policy of containing communism where it is.

28. Domino Theory Communism spreads like a disease

29. Formation of the United Nations International Organization where countries try to find peaceful solutions

30. United Nations It has no army but uses troops from other countries.

31. Marshall Plan – helped countries economically so they won’t go red.