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Scientific Measurements
The metric system
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Metric Prefixes Kilo = 1000 Hecto = 100 Deka = 10 Deci = 1/10
Centi = 1/100 Milli = 1/1000
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Meters, Liters, Grams Meters measure length Liters measure volume
Grams measure mass
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How Big? A meter is about 39 inches A kilometer is 0.6 mile
A centimeter is about the width of your little finger A gram is about the mass of a paper clip A kilogram is 2.2 pounds You drink 2 liters of pop
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Other metric units Temperature is measured in degrees celsius or centigrade Heat/energy is measured in calories or joules Weight is measured in Newtons Mega = 1,ooo,ooo Micro = one millionth Nano = one billionth
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K H D O D C M Changing from one metric unit to another is called metric conversion “O” is the space where meter, liter, or gram (the “base unit”) belongs Kids Have Dropped Over Dead Converting Metrics Let’s practice!
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K H D O D C M To change from one metric unit to another, we simply move the decimal point. For example: 25.4 km = _____________ cm? K-H-D-O-D-C is 5 places to the right 25.4 km = 2,540,000 cm
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K H D O D C M 30 cm = ___________hm
C – D- O –D- H is 4 places to the left 30 cm = hm (this is the same as hm) 14 dkl = _____dl D- O –D is 2 places to the right 14 dal = 1400 dl
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One cubic centimeter = one milliliter
Using water displacement, how many milliliters do you expect the water to raise when the cube is lowered? This cube’s sides are each 3 cm. What is the volume of the cube? 27 cubic cm 27 ml
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Measuring volume of a solid by water displacement
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Graduated cylinder measurement
Volume is measured using a graduated cylinder. When reading a graduated cylinder, read the bottom of the meniscus.
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Measuring water If you wanted to measure 25ml of water, what instrument would you use?
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Measuring water 2 If you wanted to measure 25 grams of water, what 2 instruments could you use?
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Density of Water One milliliter of water Has a mass of 1 gram
Density = Mass ÷ Volume Calculate the density of water 1g ÷ 1ml = 1g/ml
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Scientific notation Rules: 1 digit before the decimal point
Multiply the number by a power of 10 Example: Write 34,000 in scientific notation. Solution: 3.4 x 104
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Write the following in scientific notation:
4.1 x 106 4,100,000 = _______________ 345,600,000,000 = _________ 0.0456= ________________ =____________ O.00305= ____________ 3.456 x 1011 4.56 x 10-2 1.2 x 10-7 3.05 x 10-3
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Write the following in standard form:
4670 4.67 x 103 =__________________ 3.112 x 105 = _________________ 3.112 x 10-4 = ________________ 4 x 10-6 = ___________________ 1 x 1011 = __________________ 311200 100,000,000,000
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That’s all folks! Time to try some on your worksheets!
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