1. Chapter 1 Pg. 2-25

2. Key Vocabulary Terms 1.Science 2.Technology 3.Chemistry 4.Physics 5.Geology 6.Astronomy 7.Biology 8.Scientific Method 9.Observation 10.Hypothesis 11.Manipulated Variable 12.Responding Variable 13.Controlled Experiment 14.Scientific Theory 15.Scientific Law 16.Model 17.Scientific Notation 18.Length 19.Mass 20.Volume 21.Density 22.Conversion Factor 23.Precision 24.Significant Figures 25.Accuracy 26.Thermometer 27.Slope 28.Direct Proportion 29.Inverse Proportion

3. What is Science? Section 1.1 Pg. 2-6

4. SCIENCE _______ is a system of knowledge and the methods you use to find that knowledge. The goal of science is to expand _________. Science begins with _________ and often ends with _________. – curiosity provides questions, but is usually not enough to arrive at scientific results.

5. SCIENCE _______ such as observing and measuring provide ways to find answers. Experiment observations can be… – ___________: they are descriptive – ___________: they are numerical

6. SCIENCE Pure Science vs. Applied Science – Pure (natural) Science is done in a _________ Ex: a biologist might discover a drug that kills a bacteria – Applied Science is also called __________ or engineering Ex: a physician might find out if that drug cures a patient

7. TECHNOLOGY Technology is the use of knowledge to solve ________ problems. The ____ of technology is to apply knowledge. Science and technology are ____________. Advances in one lead to advances in the other.

8. Branches of Science The study of ______ is divided into social and natural science. There are _________ and disadvantages to subdividing science. Natural Science 1.________ Science 2._____________ Science 3.____ Science

9. Branches of Science 1.Physical Science- focuses on ________ things a)Chemistry- the study of the composition, structure, ________, and reactions of _____ b)Physics- the study of matter and ______ and the interactions between the two through forces and _______.

10. Branches of Science 2.Earth and Space Science- the application of _______ and chemistry to the study of Earth a)Geology- the study of the _____, history, and structure of Earth (traditional focus is the study of rocks) b)Astronomy- the foundation of space science; the study of the universe ________ Earth, including the sun, moon, planets, and stars

11. Branches of Science 3.Life Science- a)Biology- the study of ______ things; the physics and chemistry of living things; the study of the origin and ________ of living things  Biologist study the different ways that ________ grow, survive, and reproduce

12. Branches of Science Natural Science Physical (nonliving things) PhysicsChemistry Earth & Space (Earth & universe) GeologyAstronomy Life (living things)

13. BIG IDEA… PHYSICAL SCIENCE 1.Space and Time – The ________ is both very old and very big 2.Matter and Change – A very small amount of the universe is ______ – Matter has volume and ____ and is made up of atoms – _____ consist of even smaller building blocks called electrons, protons, and neutrons

14. BIG IDEA… PHYSICAL SCIENCE 3.Forces and Motion – Forces cause ________ in motion – _____ of physics allow these movements to be calculated exactly 4.Energy – Exists in ____ forms – Kinetic and ________ – Energy can be transferred from one form or object to another, but it can _____ be destroyed

15. Assessment 1.How does the scientific process start and end? 2.How are science and technology related? 3.What are the branches of natural science? 4.Explain the advantages and disadvantages of subdividing science into many different areas. 5.Why do scientists seek to discover new laws of the universe?

16. Using a Scientific Approach Section 1.2 Pg. 7-11

17. SCIENTIFIC METHOD An ________ plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating _________ The ____ of any scientific method is to solve a problem or to better _________ an observed event.

18. 1.Making Observations – _________ that you obtain through your ______ – Repeatable observations  FACTS 1.Forming a Hypothesis – A proposed ______ to a question – It must be ________ Steps of SCIENTIFIC METHOD

19. 3.Testing a Hypothesis – Experiments are performed to ____ hypotheses Experiment: o Variable- any factor that can ______ in the experiment a)Manipulated Variable: causes a change in another (___________) b)Responding Variable: changes in ________ to the manipulated variable (_________) o Controlled Experiment- an experiment in which only one variable, the manipulated variable, is deliberately changed at a time. While the responding variable is ________ for changes, all other variables are kept constant or controlled. Steps of SCIENTIFIC METHOD

20. 4.Analyze Data & Draw Conclusions – Use the data collected from the ___________ – If the data does not support the _________ a new experiment must be designed to test the revised or new hypothesis 5.Developing a _______ – The hypothesis must be supported in repeated experiments to begin development of a theory – Scientific Theory- a well-tested _________ for a set of observations or experimental results – Theories are _______ proved Steps of SCIENTIFIC METHOD

21. Scientific Laws Scientific Law- a statement that summarizes a pattern found in _______ A scientific law _______ an observed pattern in nature without attempting to ______ it. The explanation of such a pattern is provided by a scientific _______.

22. Scientific Models Model- ____________ of an object or event Scientific models make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to ______ directly.

23. Steps of Scientific Method

24. Working Safely in Science Follow safety precautions at all times ALWAYS follow your teacher’s instructions and the textbook/procedure directions exactly Wash your hands thoroughly and clean up your work area after every scientific activity

26. MEASUREMENT Section 1.3 Pg. 14-20

27. Scientific Notation A way of expressing a ____ as the product of a number between 1 and __ and a power of 10. Example: 300,000,000 – 3.0 x 10 8 The _______ tells you that the decimal point is really 8 places to the right of the 3. For numbers less than 1 that are written in scientific notation, the exponent is _______.

28. Scientific Notation Example 2: 0.00086 – S.N. is 8.6 x 10 -4 The negative exponent tells you how many decimal places there are to the left of the 8.6 Scientific Notation makes very large or very small numbers ______ to work with.

29. Scientific Notation When multiplying… – Multiply the numbers that appear before the multiplication signs – ___ the exponents (3.0 x 10 8 m/s) x (5.0 x 10 2 s) = 15 x 10 10 m = 1.5 x 10 11 m

30. Scientific Notation When dividing… – Divide the numbers that appear before the exponential terms – _________ the exponents

31. Scientific Notation Significant digits are one of the following: – non-zero numbers, – ______ in-between two non-zero numbers, – _______ zeroes after a decimal point or in _____ of the decimal point when indicated

32. SI Units of Measurement International ________ of Units (SI) ___ is a revised version of the metric system Can readily interpret one another’s measurements

33. Base Units and Derived Units SI is built upon seven metric units, known as ____ units Base Units Length- the straight-line ________ between two points  meter (m) Mass- the quantity of ______ in an object or sample  kilogram (kg)

34. Derived Units are made from _________ base units Derived Units Volume- the ______ of space taken up by an object  cubic meters Density- _____ of an object’s mass to its volume  kilogram per cubic meter Base Units and Derived Units

35. Metric Prefixes Indicate how many times a unit should be multiplied or divided by 10

36. Metric Prefixes From kilo- to milli- King Henry Doesn’t (Usually) Drinks Chocolate Milk

37. Limits of Measurement _______- a gauge of how exact a measurement is – EX: Analog clock- 5 min, Digital- 5 min 15 sec the digital clock has more significant figures – (sig. figs. Are all the digits that are known in a measurement, plus the last digit that is estimated) – The _____ the sig. figs., the ____ precise the measurement is

38. _______- the closeness of a measurement to the _____ value of what is being measured. – Ex: if digital clock is running 15 min slow, the clock would remain precise to the nearest second, but the time displayed would not be accurate Limits of Measurement

40. Measuring Temperature ___________: instrument that measures temperature, or how hot an object is °C = (5/9)(°F – 32.0°)°F = (9/5)(°C)+32.0° SI unit for temp. is ______ (K), 0 K refers to the ______ possible temp. that can be reached.. In °C this is -273.15°C K = °C + 273

42. Presenting Scientific Data Chapter 1 Section 4 Pg. 22

43. Organizing Data Scientists can organize their data by using _____ tables and ______ 1.Data Tables 2.Line Graphs 3.____ Graphs 4.Circle Graphs

44. Data Tables The _______ way to organize data

45. Line Graphs Useful for showing changes that occur in related ________ – Manipulated variable plotted on _____ – Responding variable plotted on _____- Slope = Rise/Run Direct proportion- relationship which the ratio of 2 variables is _________ Inverse proportion- product of 2 variables is a constant

46. Line Graphs

47. Bar Graph Used to _______ a set of measurements, amounts, or changes Circle Graph Shows how a ____ or share of something relates to the _____

48. Communicating Data Scientists can ___________ results by writing in scientific journals or speaking at conferences Different scientists may ________ the same data differently…reason for __________ Peer review can help determine if data was reported accurately and honestly