1. CTIA Industry Standards for Estimating Battery Life Battery Life Ad-Hoc Group Contribution # CPWG120503-1 John Bulger San Antonio Embassy Suites Thursday, 19 July, 2012

2. Kickoff call – August 16 2012  First conference call is scheduled for Thursday, August 16, 2012:  1 st call is scheduled for two hours duration:  August 16, 11AM EST- 1PM EST  Call in phone # 1-877-888-4443  Pin # 2084605

3. August 16 2012 call agenda  Kickoff of discussions  Background – go through CTIA battery standards 7_19_2012 presentation or subset of the slides for 1 st time participants  Asking participants to please hold questions until the end of show  End goal – Deliver of an industry accepted standard to measure battery life  Hours of operation / device run time  Agree upon SME areas of specialization  Determine if there needs to be separate calls for each specialty group

4. August 16 2012 call agenda  If time permits:  Discussion points Network settings Device settings Profiles – frequency & length of different activities Measurement methods  Methods to arrive at such a figure  True run time measurement  Estimation based on current consumption value

5. Background  Difficult to compare battery life specifications among devices  Vast number of variables that affect it are not well-specified or adopted industry wide  A more accurate way of comparing performance among devices  Develop a standardized method for estimating battery life of smart phones  Adopt such method across the industry

6. Proposal  CTIA to establish a working group to develop a standard, accurate method of estimating battery life for smart phones  All member Mobile Network Operators and Device OEM’s use method to publish the expected device battery life

7. BATTERY LIFE PROPOSAL Establish a CTIA working group to develop accurate measurement methods to estimate battery life based on typical tasks performed using a smart phone

8. Battery Life Principles  Ground Rules:  All methodologies and metrics are open for discussion  Determine what needs to be measured  Determine how to measure it  Before considering any test method, carriers have to agree on:  acceptable network settings  device settings and configuration  user activities  frequency of those activities

9. Timeline  Complete work in less than one year  Have certified labs ready to publish results

10. Expected Outcomes – Dec 31, 2012 1. Identify common tasks and activities performed by smart phone users 2. Agree upon fair test methodologies which specify accurate measurement of average current drain or power consumption. Identifying and agreeing upon network settings for various air interfaces and device settings 3. Provide technical details of how to measure battery capacity 4. Identify and agree upon the frequency of tasks performed by users 5. Agree upon a method to calculate time to deplete battery by users

11. Expected Outcomes – Dec 31, 2012 6. Document test procedures for executing the measurements and battery life estimates 7. Validate test procedures by round-robin testing and by comparing test results for repeatability and accuracy 8. Document procedures for certifying laboratories 9. Certify test labs 10. Specify understandable metrics to fairly compare smartphone battery life performance

12. WORKGROUP RECOMMENDED TASKS

13. 1) Identify common tasks/user activities  Require radio/WIFI access  Web browsing  Email  Video/audio streaming  SMS exchange  MMS exchange  Video call

14. 1) Identify common tasks/user activities  Require radio/WIFI access  GPS navigation / maps  File transfer using radio network, FTP, UDP, WIFI  Social media applications  Simultaneous voice & data call  Voice calls with and without Bluetooth headset  Standby mode with and without Bluetooth headset

15. 1) Identify common tasks/user activities  DO NOT require radio/WIFI access  Playing games  Taking videos  Viewing videos  Taking photos  Viewing photos  Listening to music or audio content

16. 2) Develop fair test methods Network settings  Identify and agree upon network settings for various air interfaces  Standardization of air interface needs to be agreed upon by all parties to consider WCDMA, CDMA and LTE technologies  Define data connection rate & WIFI connection settings for activities requiring radio or WIFI

17. 2) Develop fair test methods Device settings  Identify and agree upon the device settings  Display brightness  Maximum intensity – repeatable  Default settings –vary by operating system and OEMs  Display layout  Portrait Vs. Landscape -screen surface used to display content  Display dimming/timeout settings  Vary by operating systems and OEMs

18. 2) Develop fair test methods Device settings  Identify and agree upon the device settings  Audio configuration  Maximum volume – repeatable  Default settings - vary by OEM  Bluetooth settings  On or Off by default  Searching or paired mode  WIFI settings  On or Off by default  Scan mode  Connected mode

19. 2) Develop fair test methods Device settings  Identify and agree upon the device settings  Form factor  Configuration varies by phone type (flip/clam/candy bar)  GPS  Enabled by default?  Use wireless and GPS networks?  Idle and active  Wireless hotspot  Number of devices hosted  Host/client connection rates  Security  Near field communication  Mobile tags  E-wallet

20. 3) Develop process to measure battery capacity  Provide technical details to measure battery capacity – OPTION 1 1.Complete battery discharge 2.Connect DUT to battery  Fully charged  New battery 3.Measure:  Current consumption of DUT (A)  Time to completely discharge (hours) Too time consuming! 10+ days to discharge battery based on standby mode current drain

21. 3) Develop process to measure battery capacity  Provide technical details to measure battery capacity – OPTION 2 1.Perform a measurement  Connect a known load to the battery 2.Measure:  Current drain of the battery (A)  The time the current is delivered to the load(hours)

22. 3) Develop process to measure battery capacity  Provide technical details to measure battery capacity – OPTION 2 Example:  Battery connected to a circuit: discharging at 50mA  Time to discharge battery: 40 hours  2000mAh is the calculated battery capacity: Capacity C in Amp-hours is C = X * T Current drain = X Amps Time =T hours

23. 4) Identify frequency of user tasks  Identify and agree upon frequency of the tasks performed by various categories of users during a typical day.  Define “profiles”.  To consider when discussing how to categorize different user profiles  HOW MANY profiles are required to segment users?  WHICH activities are performed by particular type of user?  WHAT is duration of the activities?  WHEN are users performing these tasks?

24. 4) Identify frequency of user tasks  HOW MANY profiles are required to segment users? 1.Social 2.Teen 3.Mobile professional 4.Tech savvy 5.Average

25. 4) Identify frequency of user tasks  WHICH activities are performed by particular type of user?  Social  Social media  Email  SMS/MMS  Photos/videos  Teen  Video streaming  Web browsing  Game play  SMS/MMS  Mobile professional  Email  Web browsing  GPS/navigation  Tech savvy  EVERYTHING!  Average  Voice calls  SMS/MMS

26. 4) Identify frequency of user tasks  WHAT is duration of activities?  Type of user  Amount of free time for given user type  Purpose of activity  Entertainment  Work  Maps/search  Weather  Social networking  News

27. 4) Identify frequency of user tasks  WHEN are users performing these tasks  Early morning check-in  Morning/evening commute  Evening  Between classes or appointments  Lunch  Exercising

28. 4) Identify frequency of user tasks  Specify:  Total time per activity per profile  Time per session/ # sessions per profile  Web browsing  Video streaming  GPS navigation  File upload & download  Playing games  Taking/viewing photos  Taking/viewing videos  Listening to music  Simultaneous voice/data call  Standby mode  Voice calls with and without Bluetooth

29. 4) Identify frequency of user tasks  Specify:  Total time per event per profile  Total # of messages and attachments  Email checking  SMS & MMS exchange  Social media

30. 5) Calculate time for user battery life  Agree upon a method to calculate time to deplete the battery for the various profiles identified  Hours/days of operation for a given activity  Operating time for profiles  Average measurement results and divide by battery capacity: time the device will operate Time T = (Battery capacity Ah) X Amps

31. 6) Document test methods & execution- Common settings  Common settings for all tests:  Voltage  Temperature  Channel(s) to test  Keypad activity  PLMN set to home  SIM card  Test environment – lighting & ambient sensors

32. 6) Document test methods & execution- DUT state during measurement  Define DUT state  Pre measurement  During measurement  IDLE MODE  Display off  Calls/data connections inactive  DEEP SLEEP  Display off  Calls/data connections inactive  DUT circuits at minimum current drain state

33. 6) Document test methods & execution- DUT state during measurement  Define DUT state  Pre measurement  During measurement  ACTIVE MODE  Display on  Data connections active o Captures true current drain per activity o Allows calculation of maximum possible activity time

34. 6) Document test methods & execution- Battery adapter definition  Sometimes DUT cannot be powered on due to variation in battery adapter internal resistance  Need to standardize the battery adapters  Automation

35. 6) Document test methods & execution- Test procedures  To consider when discussing test procedures for specific activities:  DUT State  Radio continuously active  Load webpage and view for a set time Radio inactive may lower current drain measured

36. 6) Document test methods & execution- Test procedures  To consider when discussing test procedures for specific activities:  Web browsing sessions  Duration  # sessions per day or total browsing time  Webpage content  Type  Format  Content of webpage viewed

37. 6) Document test methods & execution- Test procedures  Email sessions  Duration per session or total time  # sessions/profile  Email handling  Send, receive email continuously  Download and view for a set time  Email message content  Text  Format  # of messages & attachments/profile  Light/medium/heavy email users  Attachments  Size & quantity/profile  Email type  Push with periodic check-in  Pop

38. 6) Document test methods & execution- Test procedures  GPS navigation/mapping  Graphical or voice feedback to the user  Mapping application  Locate user and route to destination  File upload and download using radio network, FTP, UDP, or WIFI  File content/size  Commands to configure the data transfer  Continuous data transfer  Video call  Video content/size/format  Commands to configure call  Continuous data transfer

39. 6) Document test methods & execution- Test procedures  Social media applications  File content/size  Message content & length  # of messages/day  Video streaming  Video & audio format  Video file size  SMS & MMS exchange  # of messages sent & received  Attachment size & file content

40. 6) Document test methods & execution- Test procedures  Taking videos & viewing videos  Video & audio format  Size  Content  Listening to audio  Audio content valid for all operating systems  Simultaneous voice & data call  Web browsing  Configured per previously agreed

41. 6) Document test methods & execution- Test procedures  Playing games  Preloaded games  Downloadable standard content/approved list  Taking photos & viewing photos  Format  Size  Content  Talk and standby mode  With and without Bluetooth headset  Different audio devices

42. 7) Round robin validation  Validation criteria  Timeframe for data review  Review of results

43. 8) Document lab certification procedures  Document procedures to certify laboratories  Uncertainty  Gauge repeatability and reproducibility  Test equipment repeatability – variation from instrument  Test operator reproducibility – variation from individuals  DUT to DUT  Certified lab status  Approval criteria  Criteria for re-application if lab fails  Corrective steps  Report format

44. 9) Certify labs  Certify test labs interested in performing the measurements  Certified lab status  Onsite certification  Remote review of test data  Data review process

45. 10) Publish metrics  Specify standardized metrics to compare smart phone battery life performance  Device operating time  Measured battery capacity  Energy efficiency  Battery type or material

46. FOCUS GROUPS / SME AREAS NEED SUPPORT FROM: OPERATORS HANDSET DEVELOPERS WORKING GROUP

47. Focus groups  Goal: Develop a means & process/specs to quantify operation time of the smart phone  How to shorten test time using existing processes (standby current drain measurements)  Would need to quantify accuracy losses due to these shortcuts  Need to determine how to tell when battery has been fully charged by device

48. Focus groups  The following focus groups/areas have been proposed to guide our discussions & development:  RF/network settings  Device settings  Marketing  Battery  Video  Connectivity  Gaming

49. SME areas needed  RF/network settings  RF signal level/environment  Frequencies/channels to test  Carrier  Device settings  Display  Audio  BT/WIFI/ GPS on/off –default configuration of a device

50. SME areas needed  Marketing Feedback as to time each user performs different activities  Battery  Determine how to tell when a battery is fully charged  Accuracy tradeoffs for any shortcuts in measurement  Full run time tests  Alternatives  Address variation in test results

51. SME areas needed  Video  Adopt/standardize video content which is not proprietary & industry accepted/available  Data rate connectivity for cellular & non cellular – BT, WIFI, FTP/UDP, network radio connection rate  Device as a hotspot connectivity rates  Data connection rates  Gaming  Define user gaming behavior  Time

52. EXISTING STANDARDS WHICH CAN BE REUSED

53. Reference  GSMA  GSMA document specifies measurement of  Battery life  Current consumption  Only covers GSM/DOES NOT cover CDMA  Template files  File content  GPS  Camera  Music  Video streaming  Web browsing  Game play  Java applet game available

54. Contact Info  John Bulger  jb147j@att.com jb147j@att.com  512 372 5847 office  512 983 3520 cell  (Email & SMS = fastest way to get a response)

55. Questions & next steps  Future battery working group meetings  Next battery Ad-Hoc group meeting is scheduled for October 23-25, 2012, site TBD  Propose regularly scheduled monthly/bi- monthly conference calls  Next calls will be scheduled at end of August 16 th call

56. THANK YOU!