1. KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Arthropoda

2. Subphylum
Mandibulata

4. Members of the Phylum Arthropoda
The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen).
The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed.
They posses a chitinous exoskeleton that must be shed during growth.
They have bilateral symmetry.
The nervous system is ventral (belly) and the circulatory system is closed/open and dorsal (back).

5. Three Major Subphylum
The arthropods are divided into three subphyla that exist today:
Chelicerata , Mandibulata, Crustacea

6. Mandibulata Characteristics:
Mouthparts are mandibles normally chewing sideways
One or two pairs of antennae
Various body region arrangements depending on species
cephalothorax & abdomen
head & trunk
head, thorax & abdomen
Variable leg numbers
Includes insects, chilopoda, & diplopoda

7. Review of Zoological Nomenclature Taxonomic Categories
Kingdom - Animalae
Phylum – Arthropoda
Subphylum - Mandibulata
Class - Insecta
Order - Coleoptera
Family - Scarabaeidae
Genus - Popillia
Genus & species
Popillia japonica Newman

8. Class Insects
Insects are the largest group of Arthropods

9. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS Three body regions – head, thorax, and abdomen
One pair antenna (head)
Six legs or 3 pairs (thorax)
One-two pairs of wings (thorax)

11. There are ALWAYS SIX legs, and they are attached to the THORAX
Count the Legs!
There are ALWAYS SIX legs, and they are attached to the THORAX

12. Antenna One Pair on head Jointed Sensory (smell) Called “feelers”
Filiform most common shape (segments = size)
May be modified
FILIFORM

13. Antenna Modifications

14. Wings or No Wings Most adults have 2 pairs
Called forewings and hindwings
Some insects are wingless (silverfish, fleas, some termites and ants)

15. A network of Veins strengthens wings MEMBRANEOUS (clear) WINGS
More on Wings
A network of Veins strengthens wings
MEMBRANEOUS (clear) WINGS

16. Some Wings Are Covered With Powdery Scales
BUTTERFLIES & MOTHS

17. Wings May Be Modified Order Diptera (flies)
2nd pair of wings modified into HALTERES
Used for balance
Makes flies hard to catch!

18. Beetle Wings Meet in straight line down the abdomen
ELYTRA
Hard Forewing called Elytra
Meet in straight line down the abdomen
Membranous hindwings folded underneath (flight)

19. Order Coleoptera Called beetles Tough exoskeleton
Forewings called Elytra
Fly with membranous hindwings
Larva called grubs
Cucumber beetle
Ladybird beetle
Rhinoceros beetle

20. Order Diptera Contains mosquitoes & flies One pair functional wings
Club-shaped halteres for balance
Bodies often hairy
Green Bottle fly
Hover Fly
Aedes Mosquito
Fruit Fly

21. Order Orthoptera Grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, katydids
Very long bodies
Rear legs modified for jumping
Females with egg laying tube (ovipositor on end of abdomen)
Often communicate with chirping sounds

22. Order Lepidoptera Moths, butterflies, & skippers
Siphoning mouthparts coiled under head
Powdery scales on wings
Butterflies fold wings flat above body at rest
Moths are night active
Important plant pollinators

23. Order Hymenoptera Bees, ants, wasps
Narrow waist connects thorax & abdomen
Abdomen curved downward
May have stinger on end of abdomen
Carpenter bee
Red ant
Yellow jacket

24. Insect Anatomy

26. Chelicerata Characteristics:
Pincher-like mouthparts (chelicerae) and pedipalps
NO antennae
Two body regions, usually - cephalothorax & abdomen
Four pairs of legs
Horseshoe crabs and arachnids are the only living groups.
Arachnids include scorpions, pseudoscorpions, daddy long-legs, mites & ticks, spiders

27. Scorpion Anatomy

29. chelicerae
eyes
pedipalp

30. Pseudoscorpion

31. Spider Anatomy pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax narrow waist
abdomen

32. Jumping Spider
Abdomen
Cephalothorax
Chelicera (fang)
Pedipalp

33. Wolf spider with egg case
Spitting spider
Orb-weaving spider
Tarantula

34. Black widow with egg case
Brown recluse

35. Crustacean Anatomy

36. Classes of Crustacea all have two pair of antennae
mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial
all have two pair of antennae
five or more pairs of legs
segmented abdominal appendages
head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement
have gills
Sowbugs or pillbugs
Sand fleas
Barnacles
Crabs, lobster, shrimp

37. Crayfish cephalothorax
(Decapoda)
Sowbug (Isopoda),
a terrestrial crustacean

38. (many legged arthropods)
Classes of Myriapods
(many legged arthropods)
(all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea)
Diplopoda - millipedes
Chilopoda - centipedes

39. trunk with many pairs of legs
Myriapods
one pair of antennae
head & trunk regions
trunk with many pairs of legs
Millipede (Diplopoda)
Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body.
Centipede (Chilopoda)
Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body.
No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body.

40. Millipede (Diplopoda)
Centipede (Chilopoda)
Garden centipede

41. Orders of Arachnids Scorpions Pseudoscorpions Daddy Long-Legs
Mites & Ticks
Spiders

42. Pseudoscorpion
Tick
(a mite)
Scorpion
Wolf
Spider
Daddy-long-legs

43. Mite and Tick Body Regions
pedipalps &
chelicerae
cephalothorax
abdomen

44. American dog tick male
Blacklegged (deer) tick female

45. American dog tick female laying egg mass (1000-2000 eggs!).

46. Clover mites
Twospotted spider mites
Predatory mite

47. daddy long-legs
cephalothorax
abdomen