2. Information Systems Chapter 7 The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets

3. 3Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition Use and Functioning of the Internet Internet: ?

4. 4Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition Use and Functioning of the Internet Internet: a collection of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information ARPANET –Ancestor of the Internet –Project started by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) in 1969

5. 5Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition Use and Functioning of the Internet (continued) Table 7.1: A Brief History of the Internet

6. 6Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition Use and Functioning of the Internet

7. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition7 How the Internet Works Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) –Transport-layer protocol that most Internet applications use with IP Backbone –One of the Internet’s high-speed, long-distance communications links Uniform Resource Locator (URL) –An assigned address on the Internet for each computer

8. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition8 How the Internet Works (continued) Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) –Responsible for managing IP addresses and Internet domain names –Has authority to resolve domain name disputes Cyber-squatters –Register domain names in the hope of selling them to corporations or people

9. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition How the Internet Works (continued) Accessing the Internet Connect via LAN Server Connect via Dial-up Connect via High-Speed Service Connect Wirelessly

10. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition How the Internet Works (continued)

11. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition11 Internet Service Providers Any company that provides individuals or organizations with access to the Internet Most charge a monthly fee

12. 12Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition Internet Service Providers (continued) Table 7.4: Approximate Times to Perform Basic Tasks with Various Internet Connections

13. 13Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition The World Wide Web

14. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition14 The World Wide Web Collection of tens of millions of server computers that work together as one in an Internet Hyperlink –Highlighted text or graphics in a Web document that, when clicked, opens a new Web page Web browser –Web client software such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari used to view Web pages

15. 15Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition The World Wide Web The World Wide Web was developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN, The European Organization for Neuclear Research in Geneva [Center Europeane pour la Recherche Nucleaire]

16. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition16 The World Wide Web (continued) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) –Standard page description language for Web pages HTML tags –Let the browser know how to format text Extensible Markup Language (XML) –Markup language for Web documents containing structured information Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) –File or portion of an HTML file that defines the visual appearance of content in a Web page

17. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition The World Wide Web (continued)

18. The Internet Client Web Browser HTTPD Web Server Web Site HTML Document index.html HTML Documents/ Linked Files REQUEST Web Page Home Page http://www.buu.ac.th/index.html HTTP Web Documents index.html The World Wide Web (continued)

19. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Web 2.0 and the Social Web Web 2.0 –The Web as a computing platform that supports software applications and the sharing of information Rich Internet application –Software that has the functionality and complexity of traditional application software, but runs in a Web browser and does not require local installation

20. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition20 Web Programming Languages Java –Object-oriented programming language from Sun Microsystems based on C++ –Allows small programs (applets) to be embedded within an HTML document Other languages –Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (AJAX) –Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) –Adobe Flash and Microsoft Silverlight

21. Developing Web Content Popular tools for creating Web pages and managing Web sites: –Adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft Expression Web, and Nvu Popular publishing options: –ISPs, free sites, and Web hosting Mash-up –Process of mixing two or more hip-hop songs into one song Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition21

22. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition22 Web Services Standards and tools that streamline and simplify communication among Web sites XML –The key to Web services

23. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition23 Web Services (continued) Other components used in Web service applications: –SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) –WSDL (Web Services Description Language) –UDDI (Universal Discovery Description and Integration)

24. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Internet and Web Applications Search engines and Web research –Search engines Have become important to businesses as a tool to drive visitors to the business’ Web site –SEO has become a valuable marketing tool

25. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Search Engines and Web Research

26. 26Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition Search Engines and Web Research (continued) Table 7.6 Popular Search Engines

27. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition27 Business Uses of the Web Commercial Internet Exchange (CIX) Association –Established in 1991 –Allows businesses to connect to the Internet

28. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition28 E-Mail, Instant Messaging, and Video Chat E-mail –No longer limited to simple text messages –Can embed sound and images –Can attach files Instant messaging –Online, real-time communication between two or more people who are connected to the Internet

29. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition E-Mail, Instant Messaging, and Video Chat (continued)

30. Career Information and Job Searching Search engines –Good starting point for searching for specific companies or industries Job sites –www.directmarketingcareers.com –www.monster.com –www.hotjobs.com –www.careerbuilder.com Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition30

31. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition31 Telnet, SSH, and FTP Telnet –Network protocol that enables users to log on to networks remotely over the Internet Secure Shell (SSH) –Provides Telnet functionality through a more secure connection File Transfer Protocol (FTP) –Supports file transfers between a host and a remote computer

32. SSH Secure Shell File Transfer Upload Download

33. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition33 Web Log (Blog), Video Log (Vlog), and Podcasting Web log (blog) –Web site that people create and use to write about their observations, experiences, and feelings on a wide range of topics Podcast –Audio broadcast over the Internet –An audio blog

34. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition34 Usenet and Newsgroups Usenet –Uses e-mail to provide a centralized news service –Topic are called newsgroups –Protocol that describes how groups of messages can be stored on and sent between computers

35. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Usenet and Newsgroups (continued)

36. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition36 Chat Rooms Enable two or more people to engage in interactive “conversations” over the Internet Internet Relay Chat (IRC) –Requires participants to type their conversation rather than speak

37. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition37 Internet Phone and Videoconferencing Services Internet phone service –Relatively inexpensive, especially for international calls Voice-over-IP (VoIP) technology –Network managers can route phone calls and fax transmissions over the same network they use for data Internet videoconferencing –Supports both voice and visual communications

38. Social Networks Facebook –Provides an application development platform so that technically proficient members can create applications to run within Facebook The U.S. intelligence community –Is adopting social networking to share information among operatives and analysts Twitter –Allows members to report on what they are doing throughout the day Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition

39. Media Sharing YouTube –Allows members to post homemade video content Flickr –Allows members to upload photos to their own personal online photo album and choose photos to share with the community

40. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Social Bookmarking Purpose –To provide a view of the most popular Web sites, videos, blog articles, or other Web content at any given moment Popular social bookmarking sites –del.icio.us –Digg

41. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Content Streaming Method for transferring multimedia files, radio broadcasts, and other content over the Internet Enables users to browse large files in real time

42. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition42 Shopping on the Web Amazon Shorts –Has stories that vary in length from 2,000 to 10,000 words Bot (intelligent agent) –Software tool that searches the Web for information, products, or prices

43. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition43 Web Auctions Web auction –A way to connect buyers and sellers eBay –Popular auction site –Easy to use and includes thousands of products and services in many categories Auction sites –Cannot always determine whether the people and companies listing products and services are legitimate

44. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition44 Music, Radio, Video, and TV on the Internet Radio broadcasts are now available on the Internet Video and TV are also becoming available Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) protocol –Used to put TV programming on the Internet

45. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition E-Books and Audio Books Digital books, both in text and audio form –Are growing in popularity thanks to appealing devices and services Audio books –Have become more popular due to the popularity of the iPod and services like audible.com

46. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition46 Office on the Web Internet office –Web site that contains files, phone numbers, e-mail addresses, an appointment calendar, and more –Allows your desktop computer, phone books, appointment schedulers, and other important information to be with you wherever you are

47. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition47 Other Internet Services and Applications Internet –Can provide critical information during times of disaster –Can be used to translate words, sentences, or complete documents from one language into another –Facilitates distance learning, which has dramatically increased in the last several years

48. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition48 Intranets and Extranets Intranet –Internal corporate network built using Internet and World Wide Web standards and technologies Extranet –Network that links selected resources of the intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners Virtual private network (VPN) –Secure connection between two points on the Internet

49. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition Intranets and Extranets (continued)

50. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition50 Net Issues Management issues –Preventing attacks Service and speed issues –Keeping up with Internet traffic and traffic on company intranets Privacy, fraud, security, and unauthorized Internet sites –People and companies are reluctant to embrace the Internet unless these issues are successfully addressed

51. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition51 Summary The Internet started with ARPANET Internet Protocol (IP) –The set of conventions used to pass packets from one host to another Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) –Other protocol used with IP The Web –Collection of tens of millions of servers that work together as one in an Internet service

52. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition52 Summary (continued) Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) –Standard page description language for Web pages Internet and Web applications include: –Web browsers, e-mail, Telnet, FTP, Web logs (blogs), podcasts, Usenet and newsgroups, chat rooms Telnet and SSH –Enable you to log on to remote computers Online social networks –Provide Web-based tools for users to share information about themselves with others

53. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition53 Summary (continued) Intranet –Internal corporate network built using Internet and World Wide Web standards and products Extranet –Network that links selected resources of the intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners Management issues, service, and speed affect all networks

55. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition55 Principles and Learning Objectives The Internet is like many other technologies—it provides a wide range of services, some of which are effective and practical for use today, others that are still evolving, and still others that will fade away from lack of use –Briefly describe how the Internet works, including alternatives for connecting to it and the role of Internet service providers

56. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition56 Principles and Learning Objectives (continued) Originally developed as a document-management system, the World Wide Web is a hyperlink-based system that is easy to use for personal and business applications –Describe the World Wide Web and how it works –Explain the use of Web browsers, search engines, and other Web tools –Identify and briefly describe the applications associated with the Internet and the Web

57. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition57 Principles and Learning Objectives (continued) Because use of the Internet and World Wide Web is becoming universal in the business environment, management, service and speed, privacy, and security issues must continually be addressed and resolved –Identify who is using the Web to conduct business and discuss some of the pros and cons of Web commerce –Outline a process for creating Web content

58. Principles of Information Systems, Ninth Edition58 Principles and Learning Objectives (continued) –Describe Java and discuss its potential impact on the software world –Define the terms intranet and extranet and discuss how organizations are using them –Identify several issues associated with the use of networks

59. Review question #7

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