1. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid VICTORIAN BRITAIN

2. Major events under the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901)
1837: The foundation of the Chartist Movement.
: The Irish Famine.
1846: Repeal of the Corn Laws.
: Public Health Acts.
1850: Factory Act and industrial growth.
1851: The Great Exhibition.
: The Crimean War.
1867: The Second Reform Act.
1870: The Education Act.
1884: The Third Reform Act.
: The Boer War.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

3. British Foreign Policy 1815-1865
4.2:
British Foreign Policy
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

4. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
Foreign Policy Goals
a determination to keep the peace in Europe.
to pursue policies to help trade.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

5. Foreign Policy Methods
Diplomacy.
Balance of Power in Europe.
Containment of France.
Colonial Expansion.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

6. The Industrial Revolution
4.3:
The Industrial Revolution
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

7. The Agricultural Revolution
1700: The weather improved, producing the first good harvest in seven years.
1701: Jethro Tull developed the seed drill and the horse-drawn hoe.
1730: Charles Townshend introduced Four Year Crop Rotation from Holland.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

8. The Agricultural Revolution
1731: Tull published his book “Horse Hoeing Husbandry”.
1755: Robert Bakewell produced Leicester sheep by selective breeding methods.
1770: Potatoes were grown for the first time in England.
1784: Small developed an iron plough.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

9. The Importance of the Agricultural Revolution
Enough food was available to support city workers.
Falling food prices meant people had more money to spend on consumer goods.
More wool was available for the cotton industry.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

10. Why did the Industrial Revolution Begin in England?
Geography (natural waterways, coal and iron deposits).
Political (East India Trading Company, democratic government).
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

11. Why did the Industrial Revolution Begin in England?
Economics (wealthy nation, colonies provided a market and raw materials).
Social (Enclosure acts).
Technological (excellent ports, agricultural revolution, Royal Academy).
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

12. Industrial Technology
4.4:
Industrial Technology
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

13. The First Industrial Revolution: Textiles and Steam (1712-1830)
1733: John Kay invents the Flying Shuttle
1764: James Hargreaves invents the spinning jenny.
1769: Richard Arkwright patents the water frame.
1785: Edmund Cartwright patents the power loom.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

14. The First Industrial Revolution
1793: Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin.
1807: Robert Fulton begins steamboat service on the Hudson River.
1830: George Stephenson begins rail service between Liverpool and London.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

15. Phase 1: The Cotton Industry
The Water Frame.
The Cotton Gin.
The Mule.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

16. Phase 2: The Quest for Power
Coal.
Steam .
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

17. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
4.5:
Railways
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

18. Development of the Railroads
1830: The 30 mile Liverpool to Manchester line opened.
1833: The Leicester-Swanington Line for coal transportation was opened.
1835: The Great Western Railway began.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

19. Development of the Railroads
1842: Queen Victoria made her first railway journey. 1845: 30 million rail passengers are carried.
1855: 111 million rail passengers are carried.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

20. Economic Effects of Railroads
Railways increased the national income by 11%.
Railways were exported to other countries (Canada and Russia).
Reliable transportation increased development in other areas.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

21. Social Effects of the Railroads
Standardization of Time.
Railways linked communities which were vast distances apart.
Suburbs began to develop.
Leisure activities grew.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

22. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
4.6:
The Corn Laws
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

23. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
The Corn Laws
Arguments against the Corn Laws.
The Anti-Corn Law League.
Arguments in favor of the repeal of the Corn Laws.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

24. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
4.7:
Medical Developments
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

25. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
Medical Developments
The Miasma Theory.
The Bacterial Theory.
The Germ Theory.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

26. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
4.8:
City Life
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

27. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
City Life
Reasons for the Population Growth.
Effects of the Growth of Factories
Life in the Cities.
Why the great rise of cities?
Diet.
Leisure.
Disease (Typhoid and Cholera).
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

28. Activism Against Effects of Industrialization
4.9
Activism Against Effects of Industrialization
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

29. Activism Against Effects of Industrialization
Robert Owen.
Trade Union Movements.
Chartism.
Effects of the Chartist Movement.
Significance of Chartism.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

30. Improvement in the Lives of the Working Class
4.10
Improvement in the Lives of the Working Class
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

31. Important Legislation:
1819: Cotton Factory Act.
1833: The Factory Act. Government Factory Inspectors were appointed to enforce this law.
1836: Registration of Births, Deaths and Marriages.
1842: The Mines Act. Inspectors of Mines were appointed to enforce the law.
1844: The Factory Act.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

32. Important Legislation
1847: The Ten hour Act limited women and children to ten hour workdays.
1848: The Public Health Bill
1850: The Ten Hour Act set the working day for all workers at 10 and a half hours.
1860: The first pure-food act was passed but provided no system of enforcement.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

33. Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid
The Poor Laws
The Old Poor Law.
The 1834 Poor Law.
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

34. Assessment of the Industrial Revolution
4.11
Assessment of the Industrial Revolution
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid

35. Assessment of the Industrial Revolution
Political Effects
Economic Effects
Social Effects
Unit 4 IB History of Europe - McQuaid