1. Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.1 relative costs 70 % 13 % 14 % 3 % component tests part component tests detail tests coupon tests

2. plastic zone resin matrix fiber 8-10 µm b a 0 200 400 600 800 1000 resin G (J m ) Ic -2 composite G Ic (J m -2 ) 100 200 300 400 500 0 1:1 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.2

3. 0 500 1000 1500 400 300 200 100 0 standard carbon-fiber IM carbon-fiber laminate fracture toughness G (J m ) IIc -2 residual compressive strength after impact (MPa) Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.3

4. 0 +45 [0/+45/90/-45] S 90 -45 90 +45 0 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.4

5. specimen plate test tensile compressionshear flexure laminating winding ring 0°-ring 90°-tube tube plate Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.5

6. cap strip adhesive layer specimen  Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.6

7. Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.7

8. linear analysis planar analysis a b Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.8

9. fiber orientation in the cap strip 150 50 45° cap strip 1 50 250 clamping devices 15 45° Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.9

10. 150 50 20 10 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.10

11. cap strip clamping devices 25 150 50 250 center holes (optional) 2–10 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.11

12. 25 136 50 250 center holes (optional) 2–10 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.12

13. specimen brittle failure with smooth fracture surface brittle failure with brush-like fracture surface Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.13

14. A B C D 80 60 40 20 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6  (%) 0.05 % – 0.25 % secant line  (MPa) Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.14

15. Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.15

16. failure buckling shear failure in-plane failure caused by longitudinal crack formation brooming Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.16

17. 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 g/h EP/CF A B C B  (MPa) Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.17

18. strength modulus load application by the front face of the specimen 5 60 70 80 1 12 80 2 d c b a Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.18

19. b a c Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.19

20. load application by four-point bending cover layer 1 honeycomb cover layer 2 F/2 compression failure d 1 d 2 F/2 d < d 1 2 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.20

21. Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.21

22. Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.22

23. 6.4 3.2 L = 8 d = 2 6.4 v = 1.25 mm min v = 1 mm min 25 L d = 4 [0] [ 45] 16 8 + 3.2 6 L = 10 20 6 d = 2 10 6 L d = 5 [0] [ 45] 16 8 + ba Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.23

24. 45° -45° 10° 45° 10° + off-axis tensile test Iosipescu shear test two-rail three-rail shear test Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.24

25. 150 45° cap strip 50 250 clamping devices 25 45° specimen x y strain gauge x 45 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.25

26. determination of G 12  ’ = 0.01 12  ’’ = 0.05 12  ’  12  ’’  (MPa) 12 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.26

27. 150 45° cap strip 50 250 clamping device 25 45° specimen x y strain gauge rosette x 10° 3 2 1 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.27

28. F 45° strain gauge + 44.5 76.2 152.4 R 8 b a Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.28

29. tensile or compression loading center beam slips through the guide strain gauge b a Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.29

30. b a F movable adjustable jaw rigid strain gauge base plate shear plane 90° 76.2 19 d=12.7 w Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.30

31. F/2 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.31

32. 50 125 10 50 1.7–3.5 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.32

33. Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.33

34. mode I plane crack opening mode II in-plane shear mode III out-of-plane shear Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.34

35. glued loading blocks 3–5 mm a = 50 mm B = 20 mm distance 10 mm hinge bands 225 mm Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.35

36. a 1 a 2 AA 150 100 50 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 v (mm) L F (N) Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.36

37. a 2d F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.37

38. a L L 0 1 2 3 4 2d Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.38

39. 4ENF-specimen base plate a L 01 2 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.39

40. a 2d 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 L F Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.40

41. 2d c F rotation center 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 a LL back gauge and stirrup Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.41

42. shear layer clamping layer F a L B F d 2 d 1 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.42

43. -30/90  x 38 250 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.43

44. specimen with hole F F ba Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.44

45. peel arm (thickness d) clamped arm of the laminate  peel angle peel load F laminate (width B) b a Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.45

46. peel load F peel arm 1 peel arm 2   specimen (width B) b a Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.46

47. rigid layer flexible layer b a Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.47

48. impact 500 µm Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.48

49. 1500 1000 500 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 A (Nm) H EP/CF BMI/CF A (mm ) s 2 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.49

50. strain gauges 127 76.2 impact position b a Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.50

51. EP/CF BMI/CF 0 2 4 6 8 10 A (Nm) H 0 100 200 300 400 500  (MPa) M Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.51

52. 0 100 200 300 400 500  (MPa) M EP/CF BMI/CF A (mm 2 ) s 0 500 1000 1500 Chapter 10: Altstädt, V.: Testing of Composite Materials. In: Grellmann, W., Seidler, S. (Eds.): Polymer Testing. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (2013) 2. Edition Fig.: 10.52