1. Video Pupillary Tracking Systems as a Method for Interfacing
Jesse McVaney
BME 281 – Oct 23,2012

2. History
1879: Louis Emile Javal – observes eye movement during reading.
- Edmund Huey creates early eye tracker
1970: Hunziker creates video/glass technique to track eye movement.
2000’s: Open Source software and inexpensive parts allow for inexpensive video trackers

3. Fig.1: Reading gaze (public domain)
Fig. 2: Hunziker’s 8mm film
through Glass technique

4. Video Pupillary Technique
Micro
controller/
processor
Software
Output Signal
Emitter Diode
Collector Diode &
Camera
Infrared light

5. The output signal form the software is interpreted as a coordinate system.
The camera must be calibrated using a dot array on a computer screen (Abbott & Faisal)
This method allows for eye tracking to interface with computer equipment.

6. Tobii X60 Eyetracker
GT3D Tracker

7. Advantages Non- Invasive Little to no training Small and portable
Fast information rate
Parts are relatively inexpensive.

8. EEG Brain interface : 1.63 bits/sec
Cortical invasive interface : 3.3 bits/sec
EMG/speech recognition : 6.13 bits/sec
Video Eye Tracking: 1100 bits/sec

9. Uses
Due to its high sample rate, eye tracking could be used to more easily control prosthetics.
Control Equipment such as machinery/ wheel chairs
Interface with computers for web browsing/ word/image processing, etc.
Research and Marketing

10. Future Cost reduced Computer interfacing not just for disabled
Smaller, more portable units
Better controls for non 2D interfacing

11. Sources Cited
Wikipedia: Eye Tracking
Hans-Werner Hunziker: Visuelle Informationsaufnahme und Intelligenz: Eine Untersuchung über die Augenfixationen beim Problemlösen. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie und ihre Anwendungen, 1970, 29, Nr ½
Abbott W, Faisal A. BMC Neuroscience. Ultra Low Cost eyetracking as an high information throughput alternative to BMIs 112 (1): 103,2011
Tobii X60
Abbott W, Faisal A. GT3D Tracker.CNN:$30 gadget lets you control computer with your eyes. <
Tobii Glasses < >