1. Natálie Friedová 22. 07. 2011 Belousov–Zhabotinsky Reaction

2. example of the non–equilibrium thermodynamics resulting in the establishment of a nonlinear chemical oscillator the change of colour during the reaction bases on the oxidation of ferroin consists of 80 chemical reactions 2 main types – bubble x bubble free reaction Sodium bromate Ferroin BZ - reaction

3. Boris Pavlovich Belousov Anatoly Markovich Zhabotinsky explained by the graduate student - soviet chemist Zhabotinsky for the first time presented at a conference in Prague in 1968 model of citric acid cycle discovered by the soviet chemist Belousov in 1950

4. Our goal: -> discovering differences between the reactions in the different shapes -> learn how to construct a state trajectory of the reaction For the future research: -> we would like to test the possibility of using these algorithms to construct the state trajectory of the cell -> with this knowledge find the way how to understand the behavior of the cell Aim of our project

5. H 2 SO 4 H2OH2O H2OH2O H2OH2O Ferroin (1,10 -phenanthroline) NaBrO 3 NaBr CH 2 (COOH) 2

7. Video of the reaction in the different shapes reaction in the different shapes a = 30 mm a = 90 mm b = 5 mm a = 50 mm c = 50 mm a = 12,83 mm b = 41,92 mm α = 12,5 ° β = 45°

8. Methods Our analysis was made in the program: The Unscrambler X 10.1 Method: Processing of images by using information entropy (entropy based on Rényi equation) By changing parameter α we emphasize different part of image State trajectory – RGB images of BZ reaction, from each image we compute 13 entropy images 3 x 13 = 39 channels PCA different clusters – k–mean clustering comparing the graphs

9. 1. Triangle 2. Rectangle 3.Square 4. Petri dish

10. Results - We prepared the reaction in the different shapes. - The speed of the reaction depends on the shape and volume. - In triangle and square the reaction starts in the corner, in the Petri dish, it starts randomly on the border. - We constructed the state trajectory of the reaction and the detail analysis will be presented later. - The state trajectory of each shape is different but the ground of all of them is spiral.

11. This research was made under the project of the Summer academic courses ( in July 2011) Laboratory:Institute of Physical Biology, Zámek 136, Nové Hrady 373 33, CZE Leader of the project: MSc. Tomáš Náhlík

12. J.Phys.Chem. 1987,91,2181-2184 Bubble – Free Belousov- Zhabotinskii-Type Reactions http://nelterm.kof.zcu.cz/chemie/uvod/chuvod.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BZ_reaction http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Belousov-Zhabotinsky_reaction http://www.chemicalsources.net/sodium-bromate-99-5-14313.htm http://www.ask.com/wiki/Ferroin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Pavlovich_Belousov http://blogs.msdn.com/b/jgalasyn/archive/2008/04/17/using-writeablebitmap-to-display-a-procedura texture.aspx http://www.faidherbe.org/site/cours/dupuis/oscil.htm http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Belousov-Zhabotinsky_reaction http://hopf.chem.brandeis.edu/w_s_b.html http://www.math.ubc.ca/~conway/ComPatt.html http://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/File:Ferroin2.png?uselang=de http://www.coleparmer.com/1/1/30299-copper-ii-bromide-anhydrous-99-5g-yo-88220-79.html http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/week235.html http://oko.yin.cz/1/kyselina-sirova http://www.green-planet-solar- energy.com/h2o-molecule.html http://nelterm.kof.zcu.cz/chemie/uvod/chuvod.htm http://lclane2.net/bz.html http://drjackcohen.com/BZ01.html Pictures

13. A. 25 g NaBrO 3, 335 ml H 2 O, 10 ml H 2 SO 4 B. 10 g NaBr, 100 ml H 2 O C. 10 g CH 2 (COOH) 2, 100 ml H 2 O D. 1,10 phenantroline ferrous complex

14. oxidation of organic substance (malonic acid) by bromate, producing CO 2 catalysed by the redox indicator reaction of substrate with bromine -> brominederivate Br - are released – inhibitor oxidation ferroin by the bromide to ferrin, production of HBrO 2 after the oxidation of all ferroin the reaction starts again -> ferroin -> brommalonic acid changing colours: ferroin with bromide colourise fusion to red ferrin with bromate colourise fusion to blue HBrO 3 HBrO 2 Fe(phen) 3 2+ Fe(phen) 3 3+ Br - RBr