1. BSC1010C Final Lab Practical Review Click on enter to see the answer. Click enter again to move to next slide.

2. What was the substrate in the enzyme experiment? Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2 O 2 )

3. What was the enzyme in the enzyme experiment? catalase

4. What was the source of this enzyme in the enzyme lab? Sheep’s blood

5. What was/were the product(s) in the enzyme experiment? Water and oxygen gas

6. What was the optimum pH for the enzyme? pH 7

7. Why is the enzyme less active at very high or very low pH? Enzyme is denatured and reaction stops

8. What was the optimum temperature for the enzyme experiment? 40 C

9. Why do you see little gas produced at low temperatures? Enzyme and substrate molecules are moving very slowly, so less enzyme-substrate collisions, So less reactions

10. Why do you see little or no gas production at high temperatures? The enzyme, which is a protein, is denatured at high temperatures and reaction stops.

11. What did we measure to determine the rate of the enzyme reaction? Oxygen gas pressure – rate of oxygen gas production

12. What was the control in the enzyme experiment? Distilled water in place of enzyme

13. What was the inhibitor used in enzyme experiment? Copper sulfate (CuSO 4 )

14. What should happen when the inhibitor is added in the enzyme experiment? Reaction should stop as the inhibitor is preventing the substrate and enzyme from coming together

15. What happened to the enzyme reaction when the temperature was raised to 60 C? Reaction stopped because enzyme was denatured

16. What is this plant? Coleus

17. What is the name of the pigment in these leaves that is water-soluble? What color is this pigment? Anthocyanin red

18. What pigment is alcohol-soluble? What color is this pigment? Chlorophyll green

19. What was used to indirectly detect photosynthesis in these leaves? IKI

20. What areas of the leaf carried out photosynthesis according to IKI test? Green areas (where chlorophyll was located)

21. What is the name of the technique that uses this setup? chromatography

22. What was this setup used to separate? Plant pigments

23. What is the genus of plant used to get these pigments from the leaves? Magnolia

24. Name 3 things that determine the movement of the pigments up the paper. 1.Size of pigment molecule (molecular weight) 2.Solubility of pigment in the solvent 3.H bonding of pigment to paper

25. What causes the solvent to move up the paper? Capillary action (adhesion + cohesion)

26. What is used to set 100% in absorption spectrum experiment? acetone

27. What is the equation for cell respiration? (balanced, please) C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2  6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O

28. What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis? 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2

29. Given cell respiration and photosynthesis, which happens at all times? Cell respiration

30. Given cell respiration and photosynthesis, which happens only in the light? photosynthesis

31. Where is photosynthesis occurring in the following graph? A and C (Photosynthesis is taking in CO 2 so level falls) A B C D

32. What happens to CO 2 levels in the respirometer in the light? WHY? Decline Because photosynthesis is taking in CO 2.

33. What happens to CO 2 levels in the respirometer in the dark? WHY? They go up. Photosynthesis is NOT occurring so only cell respiration which is producing CO 2

34. What genus of plant was used in the cell respiration – photosynthesis experiment? Viburnum

35. What is the purpose of the beaker of water that was placed between the light source and the leaves? To act as a heat sink (absorb the heat given off by the light)

36. What are the 2 types of nuclear division? Mitosis and Meiosis

37. In mitosis, how many cells are formed? What is their chromosome #? 2 cells Diploid number

38. In meiosis, how many cells are formed? What is their chromosome #? 4 cells Haploid #

39. What is the name of this region? Root cap

40. What is the name of this region? Region of maturation or differentiation

41. What is the name of this region? Region of elongation

42. What is the name of this region? Apical meristem Or Region of cell division

43. What is this stage? Is it a plant or animal cell? Anaphase Plant cell

44. What stage is this? What is arrow pointing to? Telophase Cleavage furrow

45. What is this phase? Plant or animal cell? Prophase Plant cell

46. What is this phase? Plant or animal cell? Metaphase Plant cell

47. What is this phase? What is arrow pointing to? Telophase Cell plate of plant cell

48. What is this phase? Plant or animal cell? Anaphase Animal cell

49. What is this phase of meiosis? Metaphase I

50. What is this phase of meiosis? Anaphase I

51. What is this phase of meiosis? Telophase I

52. What specimen was used to study mitosis in animals? Whitefish blastula

53. What specimen was used to study mitosis in plants? Onion root tip

54. What cell division process occurs in somatic cells? mitosis

55. What cell division process produces gametes and spores? meiosis

56. What cell division process is preceded by S in the cell cycle? Both Mitosis and Meiosis I

57. How many chromosomes are in the cell below? 2

58. What is this phase of meiosis? Prophase I

59. What are the monomers that make up DNA? nucleotides

60. If a piece of DNA has 4 sites recognized by the enzyme, how many fragments will be produced? 5

61. Enzymes that cut up DNA are called ___. Restriction enzymes Or Restriction endonucleases

62. Name an example of these enzymes. EcoRI HindIII

63. What produces the enzymes that cut up DNA? Why? Bacteria To cut up invading phage (bacterial viruses)

64. What is the source of the DNA used in this experiment? Bacteriophage lambda

65. What is this piece of equipment? micropipet

66. What is the volume this is set to measure (specify units)? 50  L

67. What is the purpose of the 2 “stop points”? 1 st Stop – take up the liquid from tube 2 nd Step – dispense the liquid into new tube Side blue button = ejects the tip

68. What technique is used to separate the cut up pieces (fragments) of DNA? electrophoresis

69. What is the name of the gel that is used to support the fragments during this separation? agarose

70. Convert 0.6 mL to  L 600  L

71. What is the size (in bp) of this fragment? 6,527 bp

72. Given the following fragments: 500 bp 5,000 bp 2500 bp 25,000 bp Which fragment in the gel below is the 25,000 bp fragment? A A B C D

73. What is the charge on DNA? What gives it this charge? Negative The phosphate group

74. What are the places where the enzyme cuts DNA called? Restriction sites

75. A piece of DNA was cut by 3 different enzymes. The standard is in well A. How many “cuts” were made by the enzyme in well B? Two cuts A B C D