1. Bela Bartok 1881-1945 Hungerian Composer born in Banat. Talented in music from a very young age Formal training began at age 4 1899-1903: Student at the Royal Academy of Music –Met Zoltán Kodály 1902: Met Richard Strauss- major influence 1904: Fascination with folk music began –String Quartet No. 1 (1908) 1907: Began teaching at the Academy

2. Bela Bartok 1881-1945 1908-Expedition to collect Hungarian folk melodies –Pentatonic, Oriental folk traditions –Immediately began being used in their comps. 1911-Bluebeard’s Castle (only opera) Hungarian, Slovakian, Romanian, Algerian and Bulgarian folk music collected. WW1 outbreak- returned to composition –The Wooden Prince –String Quartet No. 2

3. Bela Bartok 1881-1945 1918: The Miraculous Mandarin 1936- travels to Turkey to study folk music WW2-Emmigrated to the United States. Known in US as pianist, music historian and teacher, but not composer. 1944: Diagnosed with Leukemia

4. Bartok’s Music First Hungarian Composer “Bartok pizzicato” Ethnomusicology Concerto for Orchestra Bluebeard’s Castle: –Only two people on stage –“Unstagable” –Colored lights as part of libretto Miraculous Mandarin: –One act ballet –Banned because it caused a ‘scandal’

5. Charles Ives 1874-1954 Born in Danbury Connecticut Taught by father Age 14-church organist 1894-Yale 1899: Charles H. Raymond & Co. Composed and worked as an organist in spare time. 1927-Stopped composing –Revised works

6. Style Bitonality-two keys at once Development of American patriotic songs “11 note chord” The Unanswered Question: 1906 –Premiered 1940 –“The contemplation of a serious matter” –Three separate components String orchestra "the silences of the druids—who know, see and hear nothing." Solo trumpet, placed behind audience "The Invisible Answer" 4 flutes "The Perennial Question of Existence"