1. ©Koichi Asatani Next Generation Networks -Dream or Reality- Koichi Asatani Kogakuin University, Tokyo APNOMS, Keynote Sapporo, Japan, October 10, 2007

2. ©Koichi Asatani Broadband Penetration in Japan

3. ©Koichi Asatani IP Telephony Subscriber Number in Japan 10 4 0 200 800 600 400 1000 1200 2006.3 2004.12 2004.9 2004.6 2004.3 2003.12 2005.6 2005.9 2005.12 2005.3 0AB-J 050-

4. ©Koichi Asatani 1985 2005 2000 1995 1990 Global International Call Growth source: http://www.dri.co.jp/auto/report/telegeo/telegeotg04.htm Total Traffic (PSTN+VoIP) VoIP Note: Forecasted Data for 2003 and after Billion Minutes

5. ©Koichi Asatani Evolutions in Networks and Applications NGI Internet ARPA B-ISDN ISDN Digital Telephone Network Analog Telephone Network ADSL FTTH FWA nGWL NGN NGN Burst, Streaming Unicast, Multicast Voice sound Video Mutlimedia FR ATM P2P Network Evolution Telecom Applications Internet Applications SDH Internet access Data communications Telephone FAX WWW ftp telnet e-mail Broadband Streaming IP Telephony Packet Switched Network

6. ©Koichi Asatani Principles and Convergence Telecomism Internetism End-to-End Principle End nodes are responsible. End-to-End Principle End nodes are responsible. Network Principle Network is responsible. Network Principle Network is responsible. Stateless networks Stateful networks Trustful networksTrustful end users Terminal liberalization Non-transparent networkTransparent network ISDN PROXY,NAT, Firewall Best effort networks QoS guaranteed networks ADSL flow control, RSVP MPLS DiffServe

7. ©Koichi Asatani Definition & Features of NGN Source:ITU-T Rec.Y.2001 Generalized Mobility FMC Unrestricted AccessOpen Access I/F Service Separated Transport Architecture & Open API QoS-enabled Transport Multiple-Broadband Manageable Broadband Secure NW & Services Authentification

8. ©Koichi Asatani Next Generation Networks NGN Transport Functions NGN Service-Related Functions Telephone Services Data Services (WWW, e-mail, etc.) Video Services (TV, movies, etc.) Scope of the Internet Service Stratum Transport Stratum Source: ITU-T Rec. Y.2011 General principles and general reference model for next generation networks Anything and Everything Everything (Any and All Network Technologies) (Any/All Applications e.g., voice, data, video) Internet Protocol (IP)

9. ©Koichi Asatani NGN Release 3 -RFID NGN Release 2 -Entertainment -Home Networks NGN Release 1 -Multimedia -PSTN/ISDN Emulations Services and Capabilities Enhancement to Release 1 Capabilities Enhencement to Release 2 Capabilities Mid of 2007?End of 2008 -Multimedia -PSTN/ISDN Emulations - Streaming services - Ubiquitous services Release Approach for NGN Target Timing Sep of 2007 Mid of 2006

10. ©Koichi Asatani Transport and service configuration of the NGN Source: ITU-T Rec.Y.NGN-FRA Figure 8

11. ©Koichi Asatani Complexity of NGN QoS User-perceived QoS is end-to-end (cf. ITU-T Rec. E.800)User-perceived QoS is end-to-end (cf. ITU-T Rec. E.800) NGN QoS is complex becauseNGN QoS is complex because –NGN applications have diverse performance needs –IP is not designed for consistent application performance Various mechanisms have been introduced with specific applicabilityVarious mechanisms have been introduced with specific applicability –Diversity in an end-to-end path is common owing to Different levels of QoS support in endpointsDifferent levels of QoS support in endpoints Varying types of QoS support in the transportVarying types of QoS support in the transport Multiple provider domainsMultiple provider domains Multi-Service Packet Transport 802.xx Access 2G/3G Wireless Cable xDSL Domain 1 IntServ Domain 4 Over-Prov Domain 2 DiffServ Domain 3 MPLS-TE N G N Effective management of resource contention

12. ©Koichi Asatani ITU-T RACF Architecture Rs Rw Service Stratum Transport Functions Policy Decision Function Transport Resource Control Function RACF Transport Stratum Service Control Functions (part of IMS or else) Rt RdRp Rc Rn Ru Other NGN s Ri Transport Enforcement Function Interconnection Functions Policy Enforcement Function Network Attachment Control Functions Policy Decision Function service facing, transport independent Transport Resource Control Function service independent, transport dependent, possibly network-segment specific Policy Enforcement Function typically part of border transport elements intra-domaininter-domain RACF augments native transport QoS support Preempting transport congestion at the service control layer All applications (VoIP, IPTV, etc.) involving network-based control can make use of RACF via Rs

13. ©Koichi Asatani IP-based network performance U U U U Class 5 1*10 -6 1*10 -5 50 ms 100 ms Class 6 1*10 -6 1*10 -4 Upper boundIPER 1*10 -5 1*10 -3 Upper bound on the packet loss probability IPLR 50 msUUU Upper bound on the 1-10 -3 quantile of IPTD minus the minimum IPTD IPDV 400 ms1 s400 ms100 ms400 ms100 ms Upper bound on the mean IPTD IPTD Class 7Class 4Class 3Class 2Class 1Class 0 Nature of Network Performance Objective Performance Parameter Source: ITU-T Rec. Y.1541

14. ©Koichi Asatani NGN-related Standardization Organizations USA Europe ATIS TTC (Japan) TTA (Korea) CCSA (China) IETF ETSI ITU NGN-GSI ITU NGN-GSI Asia TISPAN 3GPP CJK

15. ©Koichi Asatani Next Generation IP Network Promotion Forum Established on Dec. 16, 2005 Based on a report from MIC Study Group on Next Generation IP Infrastructure To Promote evolution to IP-based Networks in Japan Under close cooperation among industries, government and academia

16. ©Koichi Asatani

17. Forum Structure Strategic Planning WG Home Networks WG

18. ©Koichi Asatani Technical Challenges! Latency aware network configuration Implementation: not a subject of standards Ubiquitous applications? –Transaction or (SIP) Connection? QoE/QoS on End-to-End base, including Customer Premises Network, e.g., Home Networks –No performance allocations to devices outside of UNI –Multi-domain environments

19. ©Koichi Asatani NTTs NGN Field Trial Objective: –Technical Feasibility, –Users Demands Survey Sites: Tokyo and Osaka Period: From Dec. 2006 through Dec.2007 Steps: –Dec. 2006: NTT7s show rooms –Jan. 2007: NTT's employees –Apr. 2007: Residential users in the areas

20. ©Koichi Asatani NTTs NGN Field Trial Services Internet Access Telephony –Video Telephony –IP Telephony –Hi-Quality IP Telephony Video Distribution –Hi-Definition Video Distribution (TV Terminal) –Hi-Definition Video Distribution (PC terminal) –Terrestrial Digital TV IP Redistribution

21. ©Koichi Asatani NGN as Reality The NGN concept takes into consideration new realities in the telecommunication industry characterised by factors such as: the need to converge and optimise the operating networks and the extraordinary expansion of digital traffic (i.e., increasing demand for new multimedia services, increasing demand for mobility, etc.). http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ngn/introduction.html#Why%20NGN?

22. ©Koichi Asatani NGN as Dreams New and Killer applications?

23. ©Koichi Asatani Technology Convergence Internet TV Broadcast Telecom network Internet Telecom network TV Broadcast Mobility/ Nomadicity

24. ©Koichi Asatani NGN Maximum Scenario Internet TV Broadcast Telecom network Internet Telecom network TV Broadcast Mobility/ Nomadicity NGN maximum scenario

25. ©Koichi Asatani NGN Minimum Scenario Internet TV Broadcast Telecom network Internet Telecom network TV Broadcast Mobility/ Nomadicity NGN minimum scenario

26. ©Koichi Asatani Thank You! Thank You!