1. Triumph of Hitler

2. Gestapo Secret Police Founded by Herman Goering
Turned over to Heinrich Himmler
2/10/36 Gestapo Law passed making the Gestapo above the law
Section B4 dealt with the final solution was headed by Adolf Eichmann

3. Concentration Camps
Dachau first camp opened March 1933
July 1934 construction of camps such as Buchenwald, Flossenburg and Sachsenhausen begins
Began for Enemies of the State
Mostly Political prisoners
For Re-education

4. Dachau 1934

5. February 1933 Reichstag fire
Hitler blames Communists

6. Hitler gets Emergency Decree:
Limits free speech & press
Pass Enabling Act
*suspends constitution
*rule by decree

7. Only two obstacles to Hitler having absolute power

8. Night of Long Knives June 30, 1934 SA- Brown shirted Storm troopers
Ernest Rohm wanted to be People’s Army
Independent of Wehrmacht
Possibly independent of Hitler

9. Hitler needs support of Army and Industrialists
Army doesn’t like “People’s Army”
Industrialist think SA is socialist

10. Hitler needs someone to take out SA
SS part of the SA - was responsible just to Hitler
SS leadership wants to be independent of SA

11. Rohm and other SA leaders are killed
Others who have crossed Hitler are targeted

12. Hitler and Rohm
1933

13. Gustav von Kahr
Former Prime Minister of Bavaria
Helped stop Beer Hall Putsch

14. Karl Ernst
SA leader of Berlin
Started Reichstag fire?

15. General Kurt von Schleicher
Former Chancellor

16. Gregor Strasser

17. SS breaks into home of Willi Schmidt and takes him away
They got the wrong Willi Schmidt, the music critic not the Strasser associate.

18. Results
SS became independent
Hitler gets support of Army and Industry

19. Only obstacle now:
President Hindenburg

20. Can’t have him wacked, have to wait for him to die
Not hard to do, Hindenburg is 86

21. When Hindenburg dies on August 1934 Hitler assumes office of President as well as Chancellor
der Fuhrer

22. Nuremberg Race Laws
9/15/35 Defined what was Jewish and set up laws to limit Jews rights
Laws include no mixed marriages
Jews lost their citizenship
No sexual relations between Jews and full blooded Germans

23. Chart explaining who is a Jew

24. Reoccupation of Rhineland
March 16, 1935 German Draft instituted
March 7, 1936 – Army crosses Rhine into Rhineland
Violates Versailles Treaty
Germany not strong enough if France reacts

25. Group of generals vow to overthrow Hitler if France makes a move
France does. . .
Nothing

27. German people welcome troops into the Rhineland

28. Results Hitler feels Western leaders are weak
Plot to overthrow Hitler falls apart
Hitler feels generals are not bold
enough

30. Spanish Civil War

31. Guernica

32. Guernica - Pablo Picasso

33. 1936 Berlin Olympics
Americans vote to participate
312 athletes 19 African American 5 Jews
Jesse Owens from The Ohio State University wins 4 gold medals
Breaks myth of Aryan Supremacy

35. Anschluss March 12, 1938 Union with Austria Dr. Kurt von Schuschnigg
Replaced by Dr. Arthur Seyss-Inquart
Austria taken without a shot
Schuschnigg arrested, taken to camps

36. German Army crosses into Austria

38. Pattern for Hitler Takeovers
*have local Nazis cause trouble
*complain about unrest and how Germans are picked on
*step in for benefit of everyone

39. Appeasement:
Leaders of France and England willing to give Hitler what he wants to avoid war

40. France wants to avoid war because they have still not recovers from WWI
England’s leaders looking to bottom line of balanced budget

41. Appeasement based on two ideas:
There is a limit to what Hitler wants
No one wants a war

42. Munich Pact
September 1938
Neville Chamberlain
Edouard Daladier
Benito Mussolini
Secedes Sudetenland to Germany
October 1, 1938

43. Munich Conference: Chamberlain, Daladier, Hitler, Mussolini

45. Sudetenland has:
Defensive fortifications
Skoda Works - Armaments plant

47. Good Bye Czech
March 15, 1939
Hitler takes rest of Czechoslovakia
Violation of Munich Pact
Chamberlain and England stand up to Hitler
France and England guarantee all future boundaries March 31, 1939

48. Hitler’s next target:
POLAND

49. Problem for Hitler: What will Stalin do?
Problem for Stalin: How to gain time to modernize army and get new officers?

50. Non-Aggression Pact August 23, 1939 Danzig and Polish Corridor
Molotov- Ribbentrop agreement
Non-aggression vs. Germany
Soviet free hand in Eastern Europe
Soviets take E.Poland, Baltic Republics
Fight with Finland