1. Results Synthesis Phuoc Lam

2. Schedule What is it? How it works Benefits & Drawbacks Activity

3. What is it? Paper & pencil based Stage within Heuristic Evaluation Heuristic Evaluation in 4 stages: – Preparing for inspection – Inspection itself – Results synthesis – Communication to developers & designers

4. Definition “The process of transforming the raw inspection data from Heuristic Evaluation into a complete, concise, and coherent statement of the problems in the evaluated interface as well as recommended actions to address the problems identified.” – Cox, 1998

5. Developed by Donald Cox in his MSc thesis, 1998 under supervision of Dr. Saul Greenberg Prior to this: – Approaches were haphazard – Problem reports produced often unhelpful

6. How it works Collaboratively in small groups Four stages: 1. Preparation 2. Familiarizing 3. Emergence 4. Finalizing

7. Preparation Ensure raw data in suitable form: – One written per piece of paper/sticky note – Paper easily stuck to work surface, grasped (singly and in small cluster), and repositioned – Problem and heuristic stated – Readable at distance of one meter – Able to identify different inspectors

8. Preparation (cont) Create workspace suitable for activity: – Whiteboard covered with newsprint – Table and chairs for sit-down discussion and work – Scissors – masking tape – note paper – sticky notes – index cards – markers – restickable glue sticks

9. Familiarizing Group raw data by heuristic Stick on work surface in these groups Obvious duplicate problems stuck together Discussion strongly encouraged Review entire data set

10. Emergence “the notion that fully formed, robust ideas and interpretations are not immediately obvious from raw data, but come about only after working with and discussing the data” – Cox, 1998

11. Emergence (cont) Goal: SINGLE view of interface problems that is complete, coherent, and concise Continuously reorganizing data into groups – Label groups and subgroups Through discussion and exploration E.g. group by “interface component”

12. Finalizing Create written problem reports From each group in workspace Good problem reports: – Detailed description in terms of users and tasks – Description of severity – Recommended solution

13. Problem Reports: recommendations Problem & proposed solution, but describe separately Provide justification (both problem & solution) Assess severity Think about trade-offs explicitly Careful consideration when adding new functionality is proposed in solution – flag new functionality & indicate how critical it is for immediate release of product or whether it can be held off until later release Be aware of your evaluator/inspector bias

14. Benefits Produces interface problem reports that are: – Detailed – Complete – Coherent – Concise – useful to developers & designers Takes large number of raw problems & synthesizes into problem reports that report on underlying root problems in interface

15. Benefits (cont) Eliminates duplicates Is “natural” process; only need high level description & emergence occurs naturally Groups of varying sizes & compositions

16. Drawbacks & Problems spatial environment with enough room Duplicates in data occur & can be non-trivial to identify -> missed social process requiring privacy Large groups with differing backgrounds can be problematic -> very time consuming

17. Activity Taking the raw data produced in the heuristic inspection done last class, we will perform a results synthesis. Because of time constraints, I have prepared the workspace prior to class. We will follow these steps in conducting our results synthesis: Split into three groups. Each group will have a whiteboard as their workspace. Familiarize: Group all raw data cards by heuristic and stick onto workspace, discussing with other group members. Obvious duplicates can be stuck together. Get a global understanding of entire data set, with group discussion. Emergence: reorganize and regroup the data into groups that make sense to your group. Discuss ideas, explore possibilities, and move the data around. Try to come up with a final organization where all problems have been placed in a grouping or subgrouping. Interpretation: write a problem report for one of the groups or subgroups in your workspace to see how this is done. Problem report should include: – Detailed description in terms of users and tasks – Description of severity – Recommended solution

18. Thank You!!