1. The Sophists Sophists- a group of philosophers who traveled from polis to polis. Taught math, science, and history. Did not believe the gods influenced human actions. Accepted money for their teachings. Other Greek philosophers did not approve of this practice.

2. Who was Socrates? Sculptor by training. Did not have written records of his beliefs. Harsh critic of the Sophists. Taught his students the Socratic Method. Drank poison to carry out his own suicide.

3. Plato Student of Socrates Founded the school in Athens known as the Academy. Plato recorded his ideas in writings. Wrote The Republic. Organized society into three groups. Believed that an ideal society must have a just and reasonable government. Believed woman should have the same opportunities for education and jobs men have.

4. Aristotle Taught at Plato’s Academy. Wrote more than 200 works. Taught his students the “golden mean”. Golden mean- live moderately. Wrote Politics. Ideas influenced Europeans and Americans thought about government. Influenced the United States Constitution.

5. Greeks and History Herodotus- “the father of history” Thucydides- wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War. Acted like a modern reporter.

6. First Scientists Thales- studied astronomy and mathematics. Pythagoras- invented the Pythagorean Theorem still used in geometry today. Hippocrates- physician in ancient Greece. Created the Hippocratic Oath. Hippocratic Oath- protects patience privacy. Still used today.