1. Rise of the Taliban

2. Soviet-Afghan War  1979: S.U. invades Afghanistan (afraid of U.S. control)  Early 80’s: S.U. takes control, installs puppet government  Mid 80’s: Mujahideen (Afghan freedom fighters) increase resistance  Mid 80’s: U.S. secretly trains and supplies Mujahideen  1979: S.U. invades Afghanistan (afraid of U.S. control)  Early 80’s: S.U. takes control, installs puppet government  Mid 80’s: Mujahideen (Afghan freedom fighters) increase resistance  Mid 80’s: U.S. secretly trains and supplies Mujahideen

4. Soviet-Afghan War  The Stinger: Heat seeking missile allows Mujahideen to destroy Soviet helicopters  1989: S.U. withdraws from Afghanistan after failing to end the resistance  The Stinger: Heat seeking missile allows Mujahideen to destroy Soviet helicopters  1989: S.U. withdraws from Afghanistan after failing to end the resistance

6. 1990s  1992: Afghans remove Soviet puppet government  1992-1994: Tribal/Mujahideen leaders fight a brutal civil war for power (**There are many ethnic/linguistic groups still in Afghanistan today.**)  1994: Mohammed Omar creates the Taliban  1992: Afghans remove Soviet puppet government  1992-1994: Tribal/Mujahideen leaders fight a brutal civil war for power (**There are many ethnic/linguistic groups still in Afghanistan today.**)  1994: Mohammed Omar creates the Taliban  Goals:  1- End the violence and lawlessness  2- Create an Islamic state with an ultra- conservative interpretation of the Koran  Goals:  1- End the violence and lawlessness  2- Create an Islamic state with an ultra- conservative interpretation of the Koran

7. The Taliban  1995: Taliban control most of Afghanistan  Late 90’s: Taliban installs strict laws and murders Shia opponents  Taliban Sharia (Islamic law)  No dancing, TV, music, education for women, clapping at sporting events, or hanging pictures in homes  Women forced to wear the Burka  Men must grow beards  Police kill/beat those who do not comply  1995: Taliban control most of Afghanistan  Late 90’s: Taliban installs strict laws and murders Shia opponents  Taliban Sharia (Islamic law)  No dancing, TV, music, education for women, clapping at sporting events, or hanging pictures in homes  Women forced to wear the Burka  Men must grow beards  Police kill/beat those who do not comply

9. Al Qaeda  1996: Bin Laden moves to Afghanistan, supports Taliban and builds Al Qaeda:  Goals of Al Qaeda:  1- Eliminate western influence in Muslim countries  2- Recreate a Muslim Caliphate (one large Islamic nation)  1996: Bin Laden moves to Afghanistan, supports Taliban and builds Al Qaeda:  Goals of Al Qaeda:  1- Eliminate western influence in Muslim countries  2- Recreate a Muslim Caliphate (one large Islamic nation)

10.  1998: Al Qaeda bombs U.S. embassies in Africa  9/11/2001: Al Qaeda attacks NYC and WTC  9/21/2001: Taliban refuses to hand over Bin Laden  10/17/2001: U.S. invades Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom) to eliminate Taliban and destroy Al Qaeda  1998: Al Qaeda bombs U.S. embassies in Africa  9/11/2001: Al Qaeda attacks NYC and WTC  9/21/2001: Taliban refuses to hand over Bin Laden  10/17/2001: U.S. invades Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom) to eliminate Taliban and destroy Al Qaeda

15.  12/2001: Taliban retreats to mountains along Afghan-Pakistan border  2006-2010: Taliban resistance increases  Suicide bombings  I.E.D (Improvised Explosive Devices)  5/2011: Pres. Obama announced Bin Laden was killed by US forces in Pakistan  6/2011:President Obama announced that 10,000 troops would be withdrawn from Afghanistan by the end of 2011, and the 33,000 "surge" troops would be withdrawn by the end of 2012.  5/2012: NATO summit endorses the plan to withdraw foreign combat troops by the end of 2014.  9/2012: Total number of US soldiers killed in the Afghan war reaches 2,000.  End of 2014: US and NATO forces are to withdraw from the country  12/2001: Taliban retreats to mountains along Afghan-Pakistan border  2006-2010: Taliban resistance increases  Suicide bombings  I.E.D (Improvised Explosive Devices)  5/2011: Pres. Obama announced Bin Laden was killed by US forces in Pakistan  6/2011:President Obama announced that 10,000 troops would be withdrawn from Afghanistan by the end of 2011, and the 33,000 "surge" troops would be withdrawn by the end of 2012.  5/2012: NATO summit endorses the plan to withdraw foreign combat troops by the end of 2014.  9/2012: Total number of US soldiers killed in the Afghan war reaches 2,000.  End of 2014: US and NATO forces are to withdraw from the country