1. Personalized System for Instruction (PSI)
“as fast as they can or as slowly as they need”
– Michael Metzler

2. Background Originally designed in the 1960s by Dr. Fred Keller
Used for university psychology courses
(> 300 students/class)

3. What is PSI? Student-centered approach Course/topic is broken
into modules
Modules into units
Places more responsibility
on student
Allows teacher to monitor class

4. Components of PSI Learning is self-paced Mastery-based learning
Content is passed on via written instructions
Proctors
Lectures and demos designed to increase motivation

5. Benefits Student learning is increased (Creggor & Metzler, 1992)
Higher rates of:
Engagement
Skill practice
Academic learning time
Verbal & non-verbal feedback

6. Goals of PSI Student mastery Small units Coherent progression
Demonstration of mastery
4. Observable criterion
5. Corrective actions

7. What Do Students Need? Readiness for learning Independent?
Reading skills?
Responsible?
Are they receptive to the idea?
What type of student will enjoy this model?

8. PSI Approach

9. PSI in Physical Education
Begin with lecture/talk
View demonstration
Written cues
Practice/Drill
Readiness Drill
Corrections
Criterion Task

10. Task Presentation
Written text
Pictures
Videos

11. Structure Equipment Space/location Performance criteria
Safety concerns
Task completion
Corrections

12. The Workbook The most important component Uses Attendance
Contract/disclosure
Progress chart
Modules

13. What about the Teacher? Appropriate learning
Able to explain in writing
Break down skills
Meaningful assessments

14. PSI Pros Cons Self paced Intrinsic motivation
Teaches personal responsibility
Aids in technology learning
Literacy
More freedom for teacher
Meaningful?
Front loaded
Teacher needs to be expert ?
Student readiness
Can’t continue until completed

15. Which Situation Grade Level PSI? Adaptations? Preschool No Elementary
Middle School/Jr. High
Yes
Decrease learning tasks
Simplify
Stations
Task cards
Others?
High School
Peer teaching
Media
Teacher checked tasks
Adults
None

16. Summary Self Paced Less time in instruction
Increases intrinsic motivation
More responsibility on student
Ton of work for teacher to set up
More activity

17. Conclusion Suggestions for future consideration Content Other courses
Strategy
Advanced skills
Other courses
Alternative deliveries
DVD
Ipad

18. Module Intro Task Cues Comprehension Readiness drill Errors
Criterion task
Challenge drill

19. Example

20. Set Shot Demo