1. The Atom/Nuclear Study Guide Review

2. Complete the following table: Subatomic Particle LocationChargeRelative Mass Protonnucleus+ 1 amu Electronoutside nucleus or electron cloud or shells -0 amu Neutronnucleuso1 amu

3. The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number The number of protons + neutrons in an atom is its Mass number or atomic mass What are isotopes? Atoms of the same element with different masses; neutrons are different How does mass number differ from atomic mass? Relatively the same

4. Use the periodic table to identify the following elements: (a)47 protons -- Ag (b) 95 electrons -- Am (c) atomic number = 28 -- Ni (d) 6 protons and 8 neutrons -- C Remember – A=P=E Atomic number = Protons = Electrons

5. Complete the following table: Isotope NameSymbolic Notation Number of Protons Number of Electrons Number of Neutrons Oxygen-16 16 O 8 888 Nitrogen-16 16 N 7 777 Bromine-80 80 Br 35 45

6. Define the following terms: Radioactivity – atoms with unstable nuclei that emit Alpha (α), Beta (β) or Gamma (γ) particles Radioisotopes – isotopes of an element that undergo radioactive decay Half-life – the time it takes for ½ the particles to decay Nuclear fission – splitting apart of a nucleus Nuclear fusion – coming together of nuclei (example – surface of the sun)

7. Nuclear reactions involve changes in an atom’s nucleus, where chemical reactions do not.

8. Complete the following table: Type of Radiation SymbolWhat is it?Can be stopped by Penetrating power Alpha α 4 He 2 Helium atomPaperLOW Beta β 0 e ElectronAluminumMEDIUM Gamma γγEnergy1” leadHIGH

9. Write a balanced nuclear equation for each of the following decays Alpha decay of polonium-218 218 Po → 4 He + 214 Pb 84 2 82 Beta decay of potassium-43 43 K → 0 e + 43 Ca 19 -1 20

10. The half-life of polonium-210 is 138.4 days. How many milligrams of polonium-210 remain after 415.2 days if you start with 2.0 mg of the isotope? Days = 415.2 days ½ life = 138.4 days Start with = 2mg 21.5.25 138.4 + 138.4+138.4 = 415.2

11. The half-life of cobalt-60 is 10.47 min. How many milligrams of cobalt-16 remain after 104.7 min if you start with 10.0 mg?.0097

12. Radon-222 undergoes the following decay series: –ααββαββα –What element is formed?