1. Mission Energy: Energy Efficient Cooling How Data Centre energy consumption and operating costs can be significantly reduced through readily available cooling techniques
Moscow, 15 September 2009
Thomas Steinberg, Stulz GmbH, Germany
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

2. STULZ International Production Sites
Air Technology Systems,
Frederick/MD, USA
STULZ S.p.A.
Valeggio sul Mincio(VR),
Italy
STULZ GmbH
Hamburg, Germany
Air Technology Systems
(Shanghai), China
STULZ CHSPL (India)
Pvt. Ltd., India
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

3. … and its qualified and professional partners – worldwide.
Headquarter
Find STULZ ...
Germany
Production Sites
Germany
Italy
USA
… and its qualified and professional partners – worldwide.
India
China
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

4. TOPICS Why Energy Efficient Precision Air Conditioning?
Why use Free Cooling?
Room Design for Optimal Energy Efficient Operation
Typical Cooling Methods
Dynamic Free Cooling®
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

5. Why Energy Efficient Precision Air Conditioning?
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

6. The Need for Energy Efficient Data Centres
The Australian, 17 June 2008
“It is estimated servers and data centres consumed about 61 billion kWh in 2006”
“If the status quo continues, by 2011, data centres will consume 100 billion kWh of energy”
“Data centres’ power and cooling infrastructure accounted for about half of the electricity consumption”
“The use of economisers that take advantage of nature to help cool data centres is gaining traction in the US”
“Data centre operator Equinix, says it saves up to 80% in annual cooling costs by using economisers in 8 of its 19 US facilities”
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

7. Energy flow through the Data Centre
Power Usage Efficiency
Finally all leaves as Waste Heat
Source: The Green Grid
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

8. Strategic Choice for a Data Centre
Energy efficient system
with Low operating cost or
Low capital cost system
but with High operating costs
CAPEX v OPEX ..…keep in mind:
Your data centre uses energy all year round
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

9. …so: Why energy efficient cooling?
YOU HAVE THE CHOICE:
Save operating costs throughout the data centre's lifetime
Get more IT capacity out of your data centre at a given available power by reducing the power used by secondary physical infrastructure
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

10. What is Free Cooling?
“The ability to remove heat from a space without the use of a refrigeration process”
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

11. Why use Free Cooling?
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

12. Energysaving by reducting fan power consumption
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

13. Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

14. Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption
FREE-COOLING
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

15. Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption
The Key Question is:
Can we achieve the required room conditions without compressor cooling?
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

16. Room Design for Energy Efficient Operation
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

17. Room Efficiency
Best Room Efficiency will be reached, if 100% of the cold air leaving the CRAC unit, passing through the data centre and returning to the top of the CRAC unit is entirely used to remove heat from the IT equipment.
This means: No air leakage, no bypass air, no blockages & no misdirected air.
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

18. Many possibilities to optimise the room -
The basics for an efficiant operation
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

19. Typical Data Centre Cooling Systems
Traditional Air-Cooled or Water-Cooled DX
Chilled Water: with Free Cooling chillers
Traditional Glycol Free Cooling
Free Cooling: with Dynamic Free Cooling
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

20. Traditional DX Systems
Some energy saving possible through EC fans
A Type – Air-cooled DX
G Type – Water/glycol cooled DX
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

21. The air needs to be “moved” 8760 hours per year Therefore “state of the art” technology is essential : The EC Fan
-30%
-20%
-10%
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

22. EC fan and Part Load Behavior
1/2 Airflow
1/8 Absorbed Power
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

23. Chilled Water: with Free Cooling chillers
CW Type – Dual Coil
Large energy savings through EC Fans and CW standby management
CW Type – Single coil
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

24. Stand-by Management (with EC fans)
Sample:
3x ASD1500CW
At 24°C/50%
with 7/12°C water
incl.
1/3 standby capacity
Airflow:
2x m³/h
Fan absorbed power:
2x 8,0 = 16,0 kW
Lpa,2m = 2x 59,7dBA
= 62,7dBA
Standby
2x 112,1 =
224,2 kW net sensible
Airflow:
3x m³/h
Fan absorbed power:
3x 2,3 = 6,9 kW
Lpa,2m = 3x 50,8dBA
= 55,6dBA
3x 75,1 = 225,3 kW net sensible
Benefits:
Considerable energy savings
Reduced noise levels
=> Energy savings:
9,1 kW x 8760h x 0,13 = €/year @ 0,13 €/kWh
=> Noise reduction: -7,1 dBA
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

25. ‘GE’ Glycol Free Cooling
Significant energy savings in low ambient temperatures through a secondary free cooling coil.
GE Type – Water-cooled DX + Free Cooling
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

26. Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

27. Dynamic Free Cooling® Control System
Automatic adaptive control of the most energy efficient mode of cooling
Energy Consumption DX
Compressor Cooling
MIX mode
Compressor & Free Cooling
EFC
Extended Free Cooling FC
Free Cooling
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

28. Stulz Dynamic Free Cooling®
Automatic
Modular
C7000 CONTROL SYSTEM
Adaptive
Turnkey Solution
Scalable “ kW”
Space Efficient
Integrated
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

29. Key Element – Indirect Free Cooling System
Benefits:
+ Independent to Outside Air Quality
+ Independent to Outside Air Humidity
+ Less Maintenance
Direct vs. Indirect Free Cooling?
Direct free Cooling means cooling the room/equipment directly with outside air.
Direct Free Cooling is common practice in low capacity telecom shelter applications with reduced requirement on temperature and humidity.
Indirect Free Cooling means using cold outside air for cooling water by using dry cooler to a level where it can be used for room cooling with chilled water cooling coils in the CRAC units.
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

30. Key Element – Dynamic Component Control
Benefits:
+ Minimised overall power consumption
+ Highest possible system efficiency
+ Save €$€$ €$€$ €$€$ €$€$
Dynamic Component Control means:
CRAC controller C7000 controls all active components as there are Dry cooler fans, central pump, unit fans, compressor, free cooling valve, head pressure control valve depending on outdoor temperature and room load status to minimise overall power consumption.
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

31. Key Element – Free Cooling Standby Management
Benefits:
+ Energy Saving On Unit Fans
+ Improved Supply Air Distribution
+ Reduced Noise Level
Free Cooling Standby Management means:
During Free Cooling Mode all units are in operation sharing the total required airflow to all units incl. standby unit. This results in results in reduced fan absorbed power for the same total airflow thanks to the CUBE LAW. In case of any unit fault remaining units ramp up fan speed to ensure total airflow.
100%
100%
OFF
CUBE LAW P2=P1x(n2/n1)^3
66%
66%
66%
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

32. Key Element – Dynamic Water Temperature
Benefits:
+ Dynamic adaptation of free cooling mode on room part load status
+ Reduced total absorbed power
Dynamic Water Temperature means:
Traditional indirect free cooling systems operate with a fixed water temperature set point for free cooling, even if it not necessary due to room part load. The variable water temperature, always at the highest possible value to ensure required capacity, leads to increased number of hours in free cooling mode.
Load:
80%
13°C
Shanghai:
+3°C water temp. means
44 days more
free cooling
Load:
100%
10°C
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

33. Key Element – Dynamic Water Temperature
Load Status
Load
(kW)
Required water temp. °C*
Reached at outdoor
Temp °C*
FC&EFC hours (% of year)**
Full Load
500
10,4 7
23%
80% Load
400
13,1 11
35%
60% Load
300
15,8 14
45%
40% Load
200
18,4 17
54%
* these values depend on the system selection only
** these values depend on the local weather profile. This example refers to Shanghai.
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

34. Regions for Free Cooling
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

35. The Location – Influence of the weather profile
MIX & Free Cooling
Compressor
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

36. Examples
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

37. Example1: Traditional Air cooled vs. Stulz DFC
CAPEX
+32%
OPEX
-56%
PER YEAR
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

38. Example1: Traditional Air-cooled vs. Stulz DFC
€ Cost reduction
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

39. Example1: Traditional Air-cooled vs. Stulz DFC
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

40. Example 2: Chilled Water vs. DFC (300kW)
CAPEX:
+70%
OPEX:
-60%
10 year
Savings= €
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

41. Example 2 : Chilled Water vs. DFC (300kW)
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

42. Comparison of Systems ENERGY CONSUMPTION: Traditional DX units 100%
ENERGY CONSUMPTION: Free Cooling Chiller Solution
70%
ENERGY CONSUMPTION: STULZ Dynamic Free Cooling
40%
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

43. Summary
Eliminating compressor operation is a significant factor in reducing data centre operating costs
Optimizing the air path within a data centre greatly increases the efficiency of the cooling
Only ‘indirect free cooling’ systems truly satisfy the environmental control requirements of a data centre
Stulz’s Dynamic Free Cooling® is the only truly ‘off the shelf’ technology to optimize every aspect of the cooling cycle for minimum energy consumption
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

44. Thank you.. Stulz GmbH Thomas Steinberg Holsteiner Chaussee 283
22457 Hamburg, Germany
Ph: +49 – 40 –
Web:
Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs