1. THE THIRTEEN COLONIES

2. Virginia (1607)
Massachusetts (1620)
New York (1626)
Maryland (1633)
Rhode Island (1636)
Connecticut (1636)
Delaware (1638)
New Hampshire (1638)
North Carolina (1653)
South Carolina (1663)
New Jersey (1664)
Pennsylvania (1682)
Georgia (1732)

3. THE THIRTEEN COLONIES

4. Life in the English Colonies
1. types of colonial government
a. charter – colony given permission to piece of
ground with self-government overseen by the
king- more freedom
b. proprietorship- colony created by a grant
of land by a monarch to an individual or family
c. royal- colony controlled directly by the king
2. English colonies
a. English settlers in Virginia
1. Roanoke Island –near North Carolina

5. ROANOKE ISLAND AND SIR WALTER RALEIGH

6. a. sent by Sir Walter Raleigh- returned after 1 yr
b. Lost Colony of Roanoke- second colony 1587
expedition returns in all colonists gone
2. Virginia Companies- merchants form 2 companies
a. Virginia Company of Plymouth and Virginia
Company of London
1. companies received a charter to trade
2. London group settled-called it Virginia
a. Jamestown –settlement established for trade
expansion-had problems:
1. swampy land=malaria/and typhoid fever
2. colonists were unprepared for wilderness
3. John Smith –takes charge-makes it thrive
a. saved by Pocohantas (Indian princess)

7. JAMESTOWN Pocahontas -freed John Smith -married John Rolfe
-Malaria and typhoid killed colonists
-colonists unprepared for wilderness
John Smith
Takes charge, had colonists
farm, clear land, trade
-captured by Native Americans
-freed by Pocahontas
Pocahontas
-freed John Smith
-married John Rolfe

8. 3. John Rolfe –planted new crop called tobacco on plantations-worked by indentured servants/slaves a. indentured servants- people who worked for years (3-7) in exchange for passage to New World 4. Self-Government beginnings a. burgesses – representatives to House of Burgesses- elected by adult freemen- made laws (representative government- voters elect people to make laws for them) b. King James I unhappy- turns Virginia into a royal colony- but did not abolish House of Burgesses

9. B. New England Colonies (MA, NH, CT, RI) 1
B. New England Colonies (MA, NH, CT, RI) 1. Massachusetts William Bradford, Gov a. Plymouth Colony 1. Religious problems in England after Catholic Church split in England a. Puritans-new Anglican Church wanted to purify the new church from any Catholic rituals b. Separatists –group of Puritans who disagreed with these methods, so they separated

10. 1. attacked- called themselves Pilgrims-term for travelers with a religious goal c. Pilgrims set sail for America on the Mayflower, 1. landed outside Cape Cod, (Massachusetts) Nov d. Mayflower Compact –document setting up a form of self-government- agreed to obey laws passed by majority of men 1. first document in which American colonists claimed a right to govern themselves.

11. PILGRIMS COME TO NEW WORLD -escape religious persecution

12. The Mayflower
PLYMOUTH ROCK

13. Pilgrims sign Mayflower Compact and celebrate first Thanksgiving

14. e. Plymouth – where they first land- hard winter
1. Samoset – Native American- speaks English
a. introduced them to Massasoit, chief of
Wampanoags, who helps them
b. Squanto, teaches them hunting, planting,
fishing
2. Thanksgiving –feast from Pilgrims’ bounty
b. Massachusetts Bay Colony- Puritans
1. John Winthrop, founder/leader
2. religious freedom- Puritans- wanted to
reform or change the Church of England
a. irony- they had no tolerance for other religions

15. 1. toleration – recognition that other people have the right to different opinions 3. turn Mass BC into a commonwealth – a self- governing political unit 2. Rhode Island Roger Williams- founder a. founded for religious freedom 1. Williams felt Puritan church had too much power 2. He suggested separation of church and state – a principle our country is based on now 3. he was banished –founded Providence –new town that accepted all faiths 4. Anne Hutchinson – also challenged Puritan church; made her own community in R.I. b. Rhode Island became a charter colony in 1644

16. WILLIAM BRADFORD
Plymouth
JOHN WINTHROP
Massachusetts Bay Colony

17. Puritans of the Massachusetts
Bay Colony had no tolerance for other
religions. Depicted here are two Quakers who were executed for their religious beliefs.

18. PURITANS PREACHING TO THE NATIVE AMERICANS

19. Roger Williams
was the first to suggest a separation of church and state. This angered the Puritans of the MBC, so he was banished from Massachusetts. He founded Providence, Rhode Island, a safe haven for all religions.

20. Anne Hutchinson was expelled from the Massachusetts
Bay Company due to her preaching
about the separation of church and
state.

21. 3. New Hampshire John Mason and Ferdinando Gorges, founder/leaders a. became a royal colony in 1680 after split from Massachusetts 4. Connecticut Thomas Hooker (minister)- founder/leader- disagreed with Puritan leaders a. reason for founding –religious freedom/trade b. founded Hartford c. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut –first American constitution (plan of government) d. Became a charter colony in 1662

22. New Hampshire John Mason Ferdinando Gorges
Sir Ferdinando Gorges and Captain John Mason study their 1622 grant.

23. Thomas Hooker, founder of Connecticut, is called
the “Father of American
Democracy” because he
authored “The
Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut, which was
the first form of a
constitution in the
United States.

24. C. Middle Atlantic Colonies (New York, PA, New Jersey, Delaware) 1
C. Middle Atlantic Colonies (New York, PA, New Jersey, Delaware) 1. New York Peter Minuet-Dutch a. New Netherland becomes New York when James, Duke of York, seizes it. b. Reason for founding –expansion of trade c. Government- James, Duke of York was named proprietor, or owner of the colony 2. Pennsylvania William Penn- founder a. proprietorship –land given by King to Penn’s father

25. a. named it Pennsylvania which meant “Penn’s Woods”
b. founded for religious/political freedom
1. Quakers – Penn’s religious group-believed all
people were equal
a. pacifists – believed in peace/not war- known as
the Society of Friends
b. Penn’s Holy Experiment- all religions together
2. Pennsylvania Dutch –German-settled on the rivers
3. New Jersey 1682
a. John Berkelely and George Carteret- founders
b. Reason: money/religious freedom
c. royal colony

26. WILLIAM PENN His rule His Beliefs Religious freedom
WHY HE GOT PENNSYLVANIA
RECEIVED LAND GRANT BECAUSE HIS DAD LENT KING CHARLES MONEY
Brought his religious community, the Quakers, with him.
His Beliefs
Religious freedom
Popular support of the government
His rule
Treated Native Americans well
Believed all people were equal

27. The Quakers, or Society of Friends, were a religious group that believed that all people, regardless of color, race or creed, were equal. They were the first group to protest slavery. They were also pacifists- people who believed in peace rather than war.

28. 4. Delaware 1664 a. Swedish settlers –founders D
4. Delaware 1664 a. Swedish settlers –founders D. Southern Colonies (VA, MD, SC, NC, GA) 1. Virginia (Jamestown) Maryland 1632 a. George Calvert and Lord Baltimore –founders b. Reasons- religious freedom/profit from land sale 1. religious refuge for Catholics after split in England 2. Toleration Act- Lord Baltimore passed this act a. guaranteed all Christians the right to worship

29. George Calvert Lord Baltimore
Both men were Catholic. They wanted to have a colony in the New World that would allow Catholics’ religious freedom. They provided this in the colony called Maryland.

30. 3. South Carolina 1663 and North Carolina 1663 a
3. South Carolina 1663 and North Carolina 1663 a. Eight proprietors- founded for profit from trade (tobacco crops) 1. North –mainly Virginia farmers 2. South – mainly West Indies, British, and other settlers a. Charles Town – major port city 4. Georgia 1732 a. James Oglethorpe –founder/leader 1. brought over people from debtor’s prison to work off their debts (debtors-people who owe money) b. Colony created to keep Spanish within Florida’s borders

31. James Oglethorpe wanted to help those in England’s debtors’ prison, so he suggested they be sent to Georgia to work off their debts and fight the Spanish encroachment.
King George II supported this idea, so he allowed the debtors to leave England. However, not all the debtors wanted to go to fight the Spanish.