1. Cell Structure & Function http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

2. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

3. Cell Theory Scientists Hooke – named cells after viewing cork under a microscope Leeuwenhook – saw living cells and called them “animalcules” Schwann – concluded that animals were made of cells Schleiden – concluded that plants were made of cells Virchow – determined that cells only came from pre-existing cells

4. Definition of Cell The smallest unit capable of life.

5. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell Bacteria

6. Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

7. Prokaryotic No membrane bound structures No organelles One-celled organisms, Bacteria http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

8. Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes Most living organisms PlantAnimal http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

9. “Typical” Animal Cell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu /~ acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

10. http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif “Typical” Plant Cell

11. Cell Parts Organelles

12. Surrounding the Cell

13. Cell Membrane Outer part of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell Double layer called Phospholipid bilayer http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

14. Cell Wall Found in plant cells & bacteria Supports & protects cells http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

15. Inside the Cell

16. Nucleus Directs cell activities Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane Contains DNA

17. Nuclear Membrane Surrounds nucleus Made of two layers Openings allow material to enter and leave http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

18. Chromosomes In nucleus Made of DNA Contain genetic info http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

19. Nucleolus Inside nucleus Makes ribosomes http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

20. Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture that fills cell Site of some chemical reactions

21. Endoplasmic Reticulum Moves materials around in cell to assemble proteins Smooth type: lacks ribosomes Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

22. Ribosomes Each cell contains thousands Make proteins Found on ER & floating throughout the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

23. Mitochondria Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates Site of cell respiration http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

24. Golgi Bodies Protein 'packaging plant' Move materials in and out of the cell http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

25. Lysosome Digests worn out parts, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

26. Vacuoles Membrane-bound sacs for storage (especially water in plants) Help plants maintain shape http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

27. Chloroplast Found in plant cells Contains green chlorophyll Site of photosynthesis http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html