1. Earth’s Waters Water Continually Cycles – 1.1  Water is a solid, liquid, & gas.  71% of earth’s surface is water.  Our body is two-thirds water.  Fresh water – water that is not salty and has little or no taste, color, or smell.  Salt water – water that contains dissolved salts and other minerals.  97% of earth’s water is saltwater

2.  Water Cycle – the continuous movement of water through the environment of the earth.  4 major processes: – Evaporation – Condensation – Precipitation – Collection

3.  Evaporation – water changes from liquid to vapor through heat energy from sun.  Condensation – water vapor in the atmosphere becomes a liquid – occurs as air cools.  Precipitation – water that falls from clouds: rain, snow, sleet, or hail.  Collection – water falls to the ground and is collected in oceans, rivers, lakes, & streams. Groundwater – water seeps into the ground, can stay for days or millions of years.

4.  Runoff – water from precipitation sinks into the soil or flows into streams or rivers.  Transpiration - Plants release water into the air from their leaves. They are part of the water cycle – pull water up from ground, release water into air from leaves.  When salt water evaporates, the salt is left behind.  85% of water that evaporates on earth is from the oceans  Precipitation is fresh water.

5. The Water Cycle Song Sing to the tune of Oh My Darling Clementine Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation trickling down Its called the Water,Water Cycle and it’s happening right now

6. Another Water Cycle Song Sing to the tune of She’ll be Coming Round the Mountain Water travels in a circle yes it does. It goes up as evaporation Forms clouds as condensation Then comes down as precipitation yes it does.

7. EARTH’S WATERS: 1.2: Fresh Water Flows and Freezes on Earth  Divide: A ridge or continuous line of high land, from which water flows in different directions.  Drainage basin: (or watershed) is an area into which all of the water on one side of the divide flows.

8. When it rains in a drainage basin, the water forms streams and rivers or sinks into the ground.

9. Surface Water Collects in Ponds and Lakes  Lakes and ponds form where water naturally collects in low parts of land.  Water can fill a lake in a couple of ways: 1.When land is below the level of underground water, the low land fills with water. 2.Can come from a stream or river, and can leave from a lake by a stream or river.

10. Lake Turnover  Turnover: The rising and sinking of cold and warm layers in a lake. Turnovers occur twice a year as the seasons change.  The water in a lake is not as still as it appears. The changing temperatures of the seasons affect the water and cause it to move within the lake in a yearly cycle.

11. Eutrophication  Eutrophication: An increase of nutrients in a lake or pond where the pond/lake becomes a meadow.  A lake does not remain a lake forever. Through natural processes, (thousands of years) most lakes become meadows, fields, grass, etc. The activity of the life of a lake is based on nutrient levels (eutrophication).

12. FROZEN WATER  2/3 of the Earth’s fresh water is frozen land near the poles.  Glacier: Large mass of ice and snow that moves over land.  Two types of glaciers: (1) continental glaciers (cover huge land masses), (2) valley glaciers (in mountains)

13. ICEBERGS  Iceberg: A mass of ice floating in the ocean.  Icebergs as tall as 150 ft. above sea level have been found (only about 1/8 can be seen above the surface!)  Most of the floating icebergs are below the water’s surface.  Water in an iceberg may have been frozen for 15,000 years.