1. Clinical assessment of intelligence, personality and achievement

2. Overview of psychological tests Overview of psychological tests 1.-types of tests 1.-types of tests Psychological tests are used to assess intelligence, achievement, personality, and psychopathology. Psychological tests are used to assess intelligence, achievement, personality, and psychopathology. These tests are classified by functional area and by whether information is gathered objectively or projectively. These tests are classified by functional area and by whether information is gathered objectively or projectively.

3. 2.—objective versus projective tests. 2.—objective versus projective tests. -an objective tests are based on questions that are easily scored and statistically analysed. -an objective tests are based on questions that are easily scored and statistically analysed. A projective test requires the subject to interpret the questions. Responses are assumed to be based on the subjects motivational state and defense mechanisms. A projective test requires the subject to interpret the questions. Responses are assumed to be based on the subjects motivational state and defense mechanisms.

4. Individual versus group testing. Individual versus group testing. -tests administered to one individual at a time allow careful observation and evaluation of that particular person. A test battery looks at functioning of an individual in a number of different functional area -tests administered to one individual at a time allow careful observation and evaluation of that particular person. A test battery looks at functioning of an individual in a number of different functional area Tests given to a group of people simultaneously have the advantages of efficient administration grading and statistical analysis.. Tests given to a group of people simultaneously have the advantages of efficient administration grading and statistical analysis..

5. Intelligence tests Intelligence tests --intelligence is defined as the ability to understand abstract concepts, reason ;assimilate, recall, analyze and organize information; and meet the special needs of new situations. --intelligence is defined as the ability to understand abstract concepts, reason ;assimilate, recall, analyze and organize information; and meet the special needs of new situations. Mental age (ma) as defined by alfred binet,reflects a persons level of intellectual functioning. chronological age (ca) is the persons actual age in years. Mental age (ma) as defined by alfred binet,reflects a persons level of intellectual functioning. chronological age (ca) is the persons actual age in years.

6. Intelligence quotient (iq) Intelligence quotient (iq) --iq is the ratio of ma to ca times 100; --iq is the ratio of ma to ca times 100; Ma/ca x 100 =iq. An iq of 100 means that the persons mental and chronological ages are equivalent. Ma/ca x 100 =iq. An iq of 100 means that the persons mental and chronological ages are equivalent. The highest ca used to determine iq is 15 years. The highest ca used to determine iq is 15 years. Iq is determined mainly by genetics. Poor nutrition illness during development can negatively effect iq,. Iq is determined mainly by genetics. Poor nutrition illness during development can negatively effect iq,.

7. Iq is relatively stable through out life. In the of absence of brain pathology –iq is same in old as in childhood. Iq is relatively stable through out life. In the of absence of brain pathology –iq is same in old as in childhood. The results of iq –influenced by emotional response to testing situations. The results of iq –influenced by emotional response to testing situations. ----normal intelligence ----normal intelligence Iq of 100 means ma and ca are approximately same. normal iq is 90-100. Iq of 100 means ma and ca are approximately same. normal iq is 90-100. Iq,<70 is considered as mentally retarded. Iq,<70 is considered as mentally retarded.

8. DSM IV classification of m r DSM IV classification of m r -mild 50 – 70 -mild 50 – 70 Mod 35-55 Mod 35-55 Severe 20 – 40 Severe 20 – 40 Profound < 20 Profound < 20

9. A score between 71 & 84 indicates borderline intellectual function A score between 71 & 84 indicates borderline intellectual function A person with iq more than 2 standard deviations above the mean (iq>130) has a superior intelligence A person with iq more than 2 standard deviations above the mean (iq>130) has a superior intelligence WESCHLER INTELLIGENCE TESTS WESCHLER INTELLIGENCE TESTS The weschler adult intelligence scale revised (waisr) is the most commonly used iq test. The weschler adult intelligence scale revised (waisr) is the most commonly used iq test. Waisr has 11 sub tests—6 verbal 5 performance Waisr has 11 sub tests—6 verbal 5 performance

10. Sub tests evaluate general information, comprehension, similarities, arithmetic, vocabulary, picture assembly, picture completion, block design, object assembly, digit span &digit symbol. Sub tests evaluate general information, comprehension, similarities, arithmetic, vocabulary, picture assembly, picture completion, block design, object assembly, digit span &digit symbol. Weschler intelligence scale for children revised wisc r –intelligence in children 6- 61/2 years Weschler intelligence scale for children revised wisc r –intelligence in children 6- 61/2 years

11. Weishler preschool and primary scale of intelligence---children 4- 61/2 years Weishler preschool and primary scale of intelligence---children 4- 61/2 years Vineland social maturity scale--skills for daily living in mr & challenged people. Vineland social maturity scale--skills for daily living in mr & challenged people. Achievement tests Achievement tests --uses --uses Evaluate how well an individual has mastered specific subject areas such as reading & mathematics. Evaluate how well an individual has mastered specific subject areas such as reading & mathematics. Used for evaluation & career counseling in schools & industry Used for evaluation & career counseling in schools & industry

12. specific achievement tests Wide range achievement test (wrat) –often used clinically –evaluates arithmetic, reading & spelling skills. Wide range achievement test (wrat) –often used clinically –evaluates arithmetic, reading & spelling skills. Achievement tests often used by school systems include the california, iowa and peaboly achievement tests. Achievement tests often used by school systems include the california, iowa and peaboly achievement tests.

13. Personality tests Personality tests -personality tests are used to evaluate psychopathology and personality characteristics.-- -personality tests are used to evaluate psychopathology and personality characteristics.--

14. Psychiatric evaluation of the patient with emotional symptoms Psychiatric evaluation of the patient with emotional symptoms Psychiatric history Psychiatric history The patients psychiatric history is taken as part of the medical history. The psychiatric history includes questions about mental illness, drug and alcohol use,sexual activity, current living situation, and sources of stress. The patients psychiatric history is taken as part of the medical history. The psychiatric history includes questions about mental illness, drug and alcohol use,sexual activity, current living situation, and sources of stress. The mental status examination and related instruments The mental status examination and related instruments

15. The mental status examination evaluates an individuals current state of mental functioning The mental status examination evaluates an individuals current state of mental functioning The folstein mini mental state examination is commonly used at the bedside to follow improvement or deterioration in function The folstein mini mental state examination is commonly used at the bedside to follow improvement or deterioration in function objective rating scales of depression that are commonly used include the hamilton, raskin and zung scales. objective rating scales of depression that are commonly used include the hamilton, raskin and zung scales. Terms used to describe psychophysiologic symptoms and mood in patients with psychiatric illness Terms used to describe psychophysiologic symptoms and mood in patients with psychiatric illness