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Published byDarren Poole Modified over 9 years ago
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Tracheophyte Evolution
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Origin Big split between Lycophyte lineage and Euphyllophytes Euphyllophytes have megaphylls, pseudomonopodial growth
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Next Big Split Monilophytes (ferns and fern allies, including horsetails) and Lignophytes Monilophytes: Multiflagellate sperm; reproduction by spores; many functional megaspores; stellar anatomy; chloroplast inversion.
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Lignophytes Progymnosperms, Seed Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Flowering plants Secondary xylem and phloem, cambial ring; heterospory.
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Seed plants 1 functional megaspore; integument around megasporangium; seeds; pollen grains. Radiation (= who knows order) into Genophytes, Conifers, Ginkgo, cycads and ANGIOSPERMS
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Angiosperms Seeds in carpels; stigmatic surface; megagametophyte of 8 nuclei; double fertilization Closest ancestor – shifting ideas
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Basal Angiosperm Evolution Vessels after Amborella Diploid endosperm Carpels sealed by secretion
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And then …. Postgenital fusion of carpel epidermes Carpel primordium is U-shaped Radiation – Magnoliids, ?? Monocots, Eudicots
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Monocots Scattered vascular bundles; no vascular cambium; leaf blade from base of primordium; one cotyledon About half the monocots are orchids (19,500) or grasses (10,000)
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Poales
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Monocots
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