1. UNIT #1 Foundations of U.S. Government CHAPTER #1 Government and the People LESSON #2 Systems and Forms of Government

2. Chapter UNIT #1 Foundations of U.S. Government CHAPTER #1 Government and the People LESSON #2 Systems and Forms of Government Systems of Government -What level of government has power — national or a lesser level, determines the system of government that a nation uses 1. Unitary System All government power is held by the national government Also called centralized Examples: Italy, Great Britain, France 2. Confederate System Most government power is held by the states/provinces Page 1

3. Chapter (continued) A loose alliance of smaller governments States do give up some power in order to form a national government No nations currently use a confederate system 3. Federal System Government power is shared between the national and state/provincial level Examples: U.S., Australia, Germany, India, Mexico Page 2 UNIT #1 Foundations of U.S. Government CHAPTER #1 Government and the People LESSON #2 Systems and Forms of Government

4. Chapter Page 3 Forms of Government -Who has power — individuals or groups, determines the form of government that a nation uses 1. Autocracy A single person holds power Power is usually inherited or kept by force, i.e. dictatorships and monarchies Examples: Saudi Arabia (monarchy), North Korea (dictatorship) UNIT #1 Foundations of U.S. Government CHAPTER #1 Government and the People LESSON #2 Systems and Forms of Government

5. Chapter (continued) 2. Oligarchy A few individuals hold power Wealth and military power usually influence who the oligarchs will be Examples: China, Japan (before and during WWII) 3. Democracy All individuals hold power, usually in the form of voting Example Nations: U.S., Ireland, Australia, many more Page 4 UNIT #1 Foundations of U.S. Government CHAPTER #1 Government and the People LESSON #2 Systems and Forms of Government

6. Chapter Forms of Democracy 1. Direct Democracy All people have the right to vote on laws 2. Representative Democracy People elected representatives to vote on their behalf Another word for representative democracy is a republic Page 5 UNIT #1 Foundations of U.S. Government CHAPTER #1 Government and the People LESSON #2 Systems and Forms of Government