1. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 composable, reusable model components Paul Gustavson SimVentions, Inc. (540) 372-7727 pgustavson@simventions.com

2. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Requirements of XMSF XMSF must… –enable simulations to interact directly and scalable over a highly distributed network, achieved through compatibility between a web framework and networking technologies. –be equally usable by human and software agents. –support composable, reusable model components. –not be constrained by proprietary technology or legally encumbering patents, since such barriers discourage the free, open, ad hoc development of interconnected tactical models and simulations. “To allow maximum utility and flexibility, … modeling and simulation environments will be constructed from affordable, reusable components interoperating through an open systems architecture.” DMSO Perspective (Vision) XMSF Symposium Phil Zimmerman. Sep 2002 “To allow maximum utility and flexibility, … modeling and simulation environments will be constructed from affordable, reusable components interoperating through an open systems architecture.” DMSO Perspective (Vision) XMSF Symposium Phil Zimmerman. Sep 2002 BOMs - components representing an independent aspect of simulation interplay that can be used as a building block in the development and extension of a simulation and/or interoperable environments.

3. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Base Object Models (BOM) “An Effort To Leverage” Components for Composable Simulation Interoperability Environments –Promotes reusability Open Community development effort –Grass roots movement –started in 1998 within SISO –Focus towards a standard Utilizes XML and XML-based standards –To Define Interface –To Capture Meta-data (intent of Use, Behavior, 3D rendering, historical use) –To promote adaptability of disparate systems (using Information Interchange Agents) Backward compatibility –To HLA Information Management –Design Time BOMs (~Pure XML) –Run-time BOMs (Compiled, Platform specific, easily distributable) Can be leveraged by Web Services –Collaborative Development BOM Repositories Meta-data matching –Execution Dynamic Distribution Persistent Data Supports other initiatives –SCORM – BOMs used to provide virtual “hands-on learning” - a behavioral experience using M&S –C4I – Co-enabler for C4ISR & M&S interoperability (including NCES) –more! Focus on Composability – The capability to select and assemble components in various combinations into complete, validated simulation environments to satisfy specific user requirements across a variety of application domains, levels of resolution, and time scales

4. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Technology Hierarchy XMSF –Web Services Repositories –URL Services Discovery –UDDI –LDAP Services Description –WSDL XML Messaging / Collaboration –XML-PRC –SOAP –XMLP Service Transport –HTTP –SMTP –FTP –BEEP –Network Services –X3D –*BOMs (M&S Components) Intent of Use / Conceptual Model Integration Experience Data Exchange Definition Behavior (SRML) Graphical/Visual Models (X3D) –*SRML Other Technologies –ALSP –DIS –HLA OMT RTI –MDA* –SEDRIS –SCORM –XMI –BML –DIIB BOM Behavior (i.e. SRML) Graphical (i.e. X3D) Data Exchange Definition Types of Meta-data Intent Of Use Integration Experience Conceptual Model An XML Schema will identify the base elements (ontology) required of an Interface BOM. Other XML Schemas are applied to support various dimensions of a BOM Structural Type (Categories) Interface (IF) BOMs Encapsulated (ECAP) BOMs Behavioral Type Interaction BOMs Trigger BOMs Assembly Type Design-Time BOMs (DTBs) Run-Time BOMs (RTBs) Generalization Level Concrete BOMs Abstract BOMs Other Important Facets Meta-Data Structural Type (Categories) Interface (IF) BOMs Encapsulated (ECAP) BOMs Behavioral Type Interaction BOMs Trigger BOMs Assembly Type Design-Time BOMs (DTBs) Run-Time BOMs (RTBs) Generalization Level Concrete BOMs Abstract BOMs Other Important Facets Meta-Data BOM Dimensions *BOMs / SRML not currently recognized by XMSF

5. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Technology Hierarchy XMSF –Web Services Repositories –URL Services Discovery –UDDI –LDAP Services Description –WSDL XML Messaging / Collaboration –XML-PRC –SOAP –XMLP Service Transport –HTTP –SMTP –FTP –BEEP –Network Services –X3D –*BOMs (M&S Components) Intent of Use / Conceptual Model Integration Experience Data Exchange Definition Behavior (SRML) Graphical/Visual Models (X3D) –*SRML Other Technologies –ALSP –DIS –HLA OMT RTI –MDA* –SEDRIS –SCORM –XMI –BML –DIIB *BOMs / SRML not currently recognized by XMSF “Simulation is the basis for the next killer [internet] app” – Dr. Anita Jones (2002) XML Schema for describing simulation models Submitted to W3C.org Like “HTML for simulation” –Standard simulation structure and behavior representations can enable the same interoperability and reuse that HTML provides. –The Simulation Reference Simulator provides a runtime environment for structural models marked up with SRML Uses scripts (like JavaScript, Python, C++), plug-ins, and item classes to infuse simulation behavior into XML structures XML Schema for describing simulation models Submitted to W3C.org Like “HTML for simulation” –Standard simulation structure and behavior representations can enable the same interoperability and reuse that HTML provides. –The Simulation Reference Simulator provides a runtime environment for structural models marked up with SRML Uses scripts (like JavaScript, Python, C++), plug-ins, and item classes to infuse simulation behavior into XML structures Simulation Reference Markup Language “Boeing wants to share SRML, and is evaluating interest, as a worldwide royalty-free standard.”

6. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 XMSF Functional Requirements Web / XMLInternet / NetworkingModeling and Simulation Data RepresentationsNetwork Quality of Service (QoS)Backward Compatibility Security ConsiderationsMulticastAuthoritative Representation Service Descriptions and BindingsReliable Multicast TransportComposability GUI Descriptions (Visual BOMs)Graceful StartupMulti-resolution modeling State-Transition DescriptionEnd-to-End Network Status and Performance monitoring Tactical System Integration TransactionsManagement of policy-based filtering technology Time Services OntologiesSecuritySimulation Support Services (Logging / Playback) RepositoriesMulti-sensor systems Search EnginesMiddleware services ComposabilityNetwork Timing Over-the-net protocols Grid and cluster network computing Test Environment Requirement Areas in which BOMs are intending to support / enable

7. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Opportunities / Items of Interest BOM Product Dev Group (PDG) Paul Gustavson SimVentions (540) 372-7727 pgustavson@simventions.com SRML Study Group (SG) Steven W. Reichenthal Boeing (714) 762-1612 steven.w.reichenthal@boeing.com W3C – SRML http://www.w3.org/Submission/2002/07/ http://www.w3.org/Submission/2002/07/ Recent Papers –02S-SIW-111 – “CODE-Net: XML, SOAP and Simulation Development” –02F-SIW-038 – “SRML: A Foundation for Representing BOMs and Supporting Reuse” –03S-SIW-031 – “A Common Framework for Military M&S and C4I Systems” –03S-SIW-143 – “Case Study: Prototyping a Mega-BOM with SRML for Next-Generation Combat Support” BOM PDG/SRML SG Teleconferences: Feb 12, 2003_____________12:00pm-2:00pm EST Feb 26, 2003_____________12:00pm-2:00pm EST March 12, 2003___________12:00pm-2:pm EST March 26, 2003___________12:00pm-2:00pm EST April 13, 2003____________12:00pm-2:00pm EST April 30, 2003 ___________12:00pm-2:00pm EST Phone #: 850 921 2560 SUNCOM 291 2560 BOM/SRML Face-to-Face Meetings: Spring Simulation Interoperability Workshop (SIW) Tuesday - April 1 st Hyatt Orlando – Pelican C BOM/SRML Face-to-Face Meetings: Spring Simulation Interoperability Workshop (SIW) Tuesday - April 1 st Hyatt Orlando – Pelican C

8. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Addendum Slides

9. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 199519982002200020032030 HLA Reference FOM Study Group BOM Methodology Strawman SRML Rapidly composable and scalable M&S 2001 BOM Study Group 1996 RPR FOM 20101999 [Future innovations] evolve around open standards - Scott McNealy, Sun Microsystems (2001) HLA 1516 FOM “piece parts” (FEDEP, OMT) BOM STANDARD The Next Media Revolution BOM Evolution “Simulation is the basis for the next killer [internet] app” – Dr. Anita Jones (2002)

10. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 What’s on the Horizon? BOM Standard – open, accessible BOM Components BOM Tools BOM Repositories Collaborative Web Services –to support the creation, deployment and use of BOMs for simulation development –SOAP/XML –see 02S-SIW-111 Collaborative Engineering Environment

11. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Definitions The Extensible Modeling and Simulation Framework (XMSF) is a composable set of standards, profiles and recommended practices for web-based modeling & simulation (M&S). XML-based markup languages, Internet technologies and Web Services will enable a new generation of distributed M&S applications to emerge, develop and interoperate. Base Object Models (BOMs) can be thought of as components representing an independent aspect of simulation interplay that can be used as a building block in the development and extension of a simulation and/or interoperable environments.

12. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Comparative XML Emphasis XML is the technology of choice for the syntax and representation of root data structures. Enables equivalent model representations to be described, validated and even auto- generated in a variety of human and programming languages. Provides a rich and already well-developed set of technologies suitable as an available basis to begin achieving XMSF goals. XML provides a mechanism for defining and validating context, and facilitating understanding of the data being exchanged. XML standards (i.e. Namespaces, Schemas, Transformations) are being leveraged to support the various BOM dimensions and BOM ontology. XML schemas are used to identify the essential meta-data to be captured, cataloged and carried forward within a BOM in order to provide for shared understanding and community reuse. Some of the XML Markups based on these schemas include: –Behavioral markup in the Simulation Reference Markup Language (SRML), –Relational markup for data-rich simulation, –Searchability markup for the semantic web, –HLA markup for OMT compatibility, –BOM-specific markup. –Graphical markup using X3D

13. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 BOM Architectural Dimensions Behavioral Type Interaction BOMs Trigger BOMs Structural Type (Categories) Interface (IF) BOMs Encapsulated (ECAP) BOMs Other Important Facets Meta-Data Generalization Level Concrete BOMs Abstract BOMs Assembly Type Design-Time BOMs (DTBs) Run-Time BOMs (RTBs)

14. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Component Attributes 1.May be used by other software elements (clients). 2.May be used by clients without the intervention of component developers. 3.Includes a specification of all dependencies (hardware and software platform, versions, other components). 4.Includes a precise specification of the functionalities it offers. 5.Is usable on the sole basis of that specification. 6.Is easily composable with other components. 7.Can be integrated. 8.Components are NOT objects in the OO sense. 9.Not just software (hardware and data too) 10.Open source desirable but not required. From paper 02-SIW-052

15. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Component Attributes 1.May be used by other software elements (clients). BOMs are intended to be reused by a wide breadth of simulations and systems 2.May be used by clients without the intervention of component developers. There is clear delineation between BOM component writers and component users. (easier to use than write). 3.Includes a specification of all dependencies (hardware and software platform, versions, other components). Design Time BOMS are platform / language independent. 4.Includes a precise specification of the functionalities it offers. An XML Schema will identify the base elements (ontology) required of an Interface BOM. Other schemas are applied to support various dimensions of a BOM 5.Is usable on the sole basis of that specification. An Interface BOM is not necessarily a component (it’s a pattern), an Encapsulated BOM, however is a component providing the behavior that can be used on the sole basis of that specification.

16. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Component Attributes 6.Is easily composable with other components. The composition of individual BOMs for defining a simulation or simulation environment is used to produce a Mega-BOM. A Mega-BOM carries with it the meta-data associated to BOMs plus the dependency and interrelationships between BOMs. 7.Can be integrated. Design Time BOMs (DTBs), which are platform / language neutral, can be used and integrated at design time and requires use of an XML parser for runtime support. Run-time BOMs (RTBs), which are optimized for a specific platform/language and carries Behavior, can be used and integrated either at design time or dynamically at runtime. Mega-BOM is used to represent the interface for a player (or an environment) and can be integrated within the HLA domain by transformation to a FOM (or SOM).

17. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 Component Attributes 8.Components are NOT objects in the OO sense. BOMs are representations of OO-like classes (not yet objects). The instantiation of a class during a simulation produces an object. 9.Not just software (hardware and data too) BOMs are comprised of various elements of meta-data which can represent software (behavior), and the interface associated to hardware (but not the hardware itself). 10.Open source desirable but not required. DTBs containing the behavioral modeling wrapped up within XML can be considered open source if they are distributed freely. DTBs can also be protected by licensing as established by the government or 3 rd party vendor responsible for developing the DTB. RTBs, which are precompiled components optimized for a specific platform or language, protect the behavioral modeling and are not open source. Other than Java Bean RTBs, Reverse engineering will not likely be an issue. RTBs could be freely provided.

18. Impact Intent of BOMs Promote simulation interoperability through component reuse –Capture and re-use “design patterns” –Wrap intent-of-use, behavior, other meta-data Bring the benefits of Rapid Application Development (RAD) tools to HLA –Components –Drag drop interfaces –Framework inheritance –Integrated development environments Promote FEDEP automation –meta-data matching –incremental/iterative development –Ease FOMorama collaboration –Reduce construction time and effort Make Simulation interoperability easier –DoD / Other government –Commercial –New Domains… The design, development, and enhancement of simulation systems and interoperable environments should begin with the exploration of reusing available Base Object Model (BOM) components.

19. XMSF Early Adopters’ Workshop 2/7/2003 More on SRML? Reference XML application for describing simulation models Goal is to enable simulations to be served, received, and processed over the internet/intranet –Like HTML enables text to be served, received and processed. Defines a small number of elements and attributes for describing abstract structures, properties, and behaviors to support specific domains under simulation. Used in conjunction with domain specific schemas, which add structural rules and data types to elements and attributes. SRML was developed at Boeing and is in production on major projects Boeing wants to share SRML, and is evaluating interest, as a worldwide royalty-free standard

20. DMSO Roll and Roadmap “Establish legitimacy through formal definitions, developed standards and formalism” “Identify enabling technologies and standards” Can be leveraged within a “Collaborative Engineering Environment” Composability – The capability to select and assemble components in various combinations into complete, validated simulation environments to satisfy specific user requirements across a variety of application domains, levels of resolution, and time scales