1. Programming Languages – Primary Uses

2. FORTRAN, LISP, COBOL 1957- 1959 Supercomputing applications AI development Business software Fun Fact: The Terminator Movie used samples of COLBOL source code for he text shown in the Terminator’s vision display.

3. Pascal 1970 Teaching Programming Object Pascal (a derivative) – Used for Windows application development Creator: Niklaus Wirth

4. C 1972 Cross-Platform programming System programming Unix programming Computer Game development Creator: Dennis Ritchie Bell Labs

5. C++ 1983 Commercial application development Embedded software Server/Client application Video Games Creator: Bjarne Stroustrup Bell Labs

6. Objective C 1983 Apple programming Creator: Brad Cox and Tom Love Stepstone

7. Perl 1987 CGI Database application System administration Network programming Graphic programming Creator: Larry Wall Unisys

8. Python 1991 Web applications Software development Information security Creator: Guido Van Rossum CWI

9. Ruby 1993 Web application development Ruby on Rails Creator: Yukihiro Matsumoto

10. Java 1995 Network programming Web application development Software development Graphical User Interface (GUI) development Creator: James Gosling SUN Microsystems

11. PHP 1995 Building/maintaining dynamic web pages Server-side development Creator: Rashmus Lerdorf

12. JAVASCRIPT 1995 Dynamic web development PDF document Web browsers Desktop widgets Creator: Brendan Eich Netscape