1. Computational Fluency EDN 322

2. Prerequisites for Computational Fluency  Facility with Counting  Experience with a Variety of Concrete Situations  Familiarity with Many Problem-Solving Contexts  Experience in Using Language to Communicate Mathematical Ideas

3. Sequence for learning the four operations  Concrete  Semiconcrete  Abstract

4. Models for Addition (Reys, p. 162)  Joinings  Comparison  Part-Part-Whole

5. Models for Subtraction  Separation, take away, or partition  Comparison, or finding the difference  Part-Part–Whole / Inverse of Addition

6. Models for Multiplication (Reys, p. 164)  Equal-groups or Sets / Repeated Addition  Comparison  Combinations or Cartesian Products  Area and array

7. Models for Illustrating Division  Measurement / Repeated Subtraction  Partition

8. Other Physical Models  Number Line  Balance Beam