1. Definition Goals Writing Process
Technical Writing
Definition
Goals
Writing Process

2. What is Technical Writing?
Technical writing introduces you to some of the most important aspects of writing in the world of science, technology, and business – the kind of writing that scientists, nurses, doctors, computer specialists, government officials, engineers, and other people do as a part of their regular work.

3. What is Technical Writing?
The term “technical” refers to knowledge that is not widespread, that is more the territory of experts and specialists.
Whatever your major is, you are developing an expertise, and whenever you try to write anything about your field, you are engaged in technical writing.

4. What is Technical Writing?
Technical communication can be written, oral, or visual.
Technical writing is composed in and for the workplace.
Technical writing is a significant factor in work experience for a variety of reasons.
Technical writing serves valuable purposes in the workplace and often involves teamwork.

5. Importance of Teamwork
Business and industry have expectations about the results of teamwork.
Business management philosophies depend upon teamwork.
Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma (continuous improvement) programs encourage efficient teamwork.
Strategies for successful collaboration can improve outcomes.

6. IMPORTANCE OF Technical Writing
Completion of a task
Facility of Work
Improvement of Interpersonal Relationships
Increase of Income
Means of Job promotion
Improvement of Personality traits
Security of Records
On the progress of projects; systematic planning and performance of work; definitive course of action w/c assures involvement of people and things in their desire to make the project reach its full ending
Tw is an act of communicating what are happening in the workplace; update on the present, past or future of the work; workers being informed of the status of the job; awareness of their contribution; involves graphics and figures to help workers get a clear, specific and emphatic understanding of the nature of the assigned task
Initiates a meeting of minds bet. Two or more people in relation to their accomplishment– s, memos etc
Research proposals, bid proposals, brochures, sales letters, order letters offers buying-selling activities
By reflecting your thinking prowess, communicative competence and professional preparations
Tw also depends on emotional stability, interpersonal relationships and ethical standards;
Transactions, dealings, agreements have to be recorded or documented for safekeeping purposes or for knowledge transmission. TW prevents a possible loss or change of data

7. Qualities of a Technical Writer
Superior Communication Skills
HOTS or Higher-Order Thinking Skills
Persuasive Skills
Integrity
Zest
Tech.Writing in this Era of Globalization and Modern Tech. by Baraceros
Listening, speaking, reading and writing has to be mastered to be able to exchange ideas excellently; writing is the most used skill; the other skills are means of obtaining data for your tech.work; these are used needed for varieties of ideas, information,opinions and other forms of knowledge;
-All these 4 macro skills of comm. Increases your schemata or stored ideas in the brain essential in writing your projects and assignments
2.Deeper mental effort from thinker; thinking beyond sensory experience– called abstract knowledge; this makes you entertain ideas beyond what the eyes can see; this takes place during—interpreting, evaluating, creating and appreciating; these elicit meanings based on reader’s viewpoints or personal thought/feelings
3. writer—seller; reader-buyer; the writer ha the burden of proof to convince/persuade reader of the excellence of the technical ppr;
- to succeed in this you need to apply ETHOS- appeal to one’s moral, educational, ethics/values/standards ; PATHOS – appeal to ones emotions or feelings and LOGOS– appeal to one’slogical, sytematic, or orderly thinking
4. Always practice truthfulness; honesty; not plaigarize others’ work
5. Knows how to turn anything difficult to something that’s easy and enjoyable; manuals, memos, brochures, tech.reports,etc have the power to stimulate reader’s interest and curiosity when tech.written report reflects your sense of humor, optimism, positive thinking; positive dispositions

8. What is the purpose of technical writing?
Technical writing is the delivery of technical information to readers in a manner that is adapted to their needs, level of understanding, and background.
Technical writing is intended to communicate to a specific audience, for a specific purpose.

9. The Audience
The audience element is so important that it is one of the cornerstones of technical writing.
You are challenged to write about highly technical subjects but in a way that a beginner—a non-specialist—could understand.

10. Translating Technical Information
In a world of rapid technological development, people are constantly falling behind and becoming technological illiterates.
As a technical writer, you need to write about the area of specialization you know and plan to write about in such a way that even Granddad can understand.

11. Q & A What are the five qualities of and effective Technical Writer?
Superior Communication Skills
HOTS or Higher-Order Thinking Skills
Persuasive Skills
Integrity
Zest

12. In the Importance of Tw, this depends on emotional stability, interpersonal relationships and ethical standards;
* Improvement of Personality traits

13. Transactions, dealings, agreements have to be recorded or documented for safekeeping purposes or for knowledge transmission. TW prevents a possible loss or change of data
*Security of Records

14. This element in TW is so important that it is one of the cornerstones of technical writing. You are challenged to write about highly technical subjects but in a way that a beginner—a non-specialist—could understand.
*The Audience

15. Fill in the blanks *science, technology, and business
Technical writing introduces you to some of the most important aspects of writing in the world of________,________, and _________– the kind of writing that_________,________,_______, _________, __________officials, engineers, and other people do as a part of their regular work.
*science, technology, and business
scientists, nurses, doctors, computer specialists, government officials

16. What does HOTS stand for?
*Higher-Order Thinking Skills

17. *Goals of Effective Technical Writing
Clarity
Conciseness
Accuracy
Organization
Ethics

18. Effective Technical Writing: Clarity
Methods for developing ideas precisely
An expressive essay can clarify the writer’s intent through emotional, impressionistic, connotative words (soon, many, several, etc.).
An impressionistic word such as “near” will mean different things to different people which is okay in in an essay where the goal may be to convey a feeling.

19. Effective Technical Writing: Clarity
The ultimate goal of effective technical writing is to say the same thing to every reader.
Let’s say I write instructional manuals for company manufacturing space heaters. If I write,
“Place the space heater near an open window,”
what will this mean to thousands of customers who purchase the machine?

20. Effective Technical Writing: Clarity
One person may place the heater 6 feet from the window.
Another reader will place the heater 6 inches from the window.
As the writer, I have failed to communicate clearly.

21. Effective Technical Writing: Clarity
Specify
Provide specific detail
Avoid vague words (some, recently)
Answer reporters’ questions (who, what, where, when, why, how)

22. Effective Technical Writing: Clarity
Avoid obscure words
Use easily understood words
Write to express, not to impress
Write to communicate, not to confuse
Write the way you speak
aforementioned already discussed
in lieu of instead of

23. Effective Technical Writing: Clarity
Limit and/or define your use of abbreviations , acronyms, and jargon.
Define your terms parenthetically
CIA (Cash in Advance) or
Supply a separate glossary
Alphabetized list of terms, followed by their definitions

24. Effective Technical Writing: Clarity
Use the active versus the passive voice.
Passive voice:
It was decided all employees will take a ten percent cut in pay.
Unclear: Who decided?
Active: The Board of Directors decided that all employees . . .
Overtime is favored by hourly workers.
Wordy
Active: Hourly workers favor overtime.

25. Effective Technical Writing: Conciseness
Conciseness which means expressing oneself in the fewest number of words at the same time retaining completeness in meaning.

26. Effective Technical Writing: Conciseness
Limit paragraph, word, and sentence length.
A paragraph in a memo, letter, or short report should consist of
No more than four to six typed lines or
No more than fifty words.
Fog index (sixth to eighth grade level)
Strive for an average of 15 words per sentence
No more than 5 multisyllabic words per 100 words

27. Effective Technical Writing: Conciseness
Fog Index
Count up to 100 words in successive sentences
Divide words by number of sentences = average number of words per sentence
Count number of long words (three or more syllables) within sentences
Don’t count proper names (Christopher Columbus), long words created by combining shorter words (chairperson), or three syllable words created by ed or es endings (united).

28. Effective Technical Writing: Conciseness
Use the meat cleaver theory of revision
Cut the sentence in half or thirds
Avoid shun words– replace them with active words
Avoid words ending in –tion or –sion
Came to the conclusion concluded
Avoid camouflaged words
Make an amendment to amend

29. Effective Technical Writing: Conciseness
Avoid the expletive pattern
There is, are, was, were, will be
It is, was
There are three people who will work for Acme.
Three people will work for Acme.
Omit redundancies
During the year of 1996
During 1996

30. Effective Technical Writing: Conciseness
Avoid wordy phrases
In order to purchase to purchase
Proofread for accuracy
Consider ethics
Proofread means—
Ethics --

31. Effective Technical Writing: Accuracy
The importance of correct grammar and mechanics
Grammatical or mechanical errors make writers look unprofessional and incompetent.

32. Effective Technical Writing: Accuracy
Grammar is so important in technical writing that in a one page assignment
4 major grammatical errors = F
3 major grammatical errors = D
2 major grammatical errors = C
1 major grammatical error = B
“A” means “excellent” which is defined as “without flaw”

33. Effective Technical Writing: Organization
Methods for organizing
Spatial
General to Specific
Chronological
Mechanism Description
Process Description
Classification
Spatial—
General to specific—
Chronological—
Mechanism des—
Process des—
Classification—

34. Effective Technical Writing: Organization
Methods for organizing
Definition
Comparison/Contrast
More Important to Less Important
Situation-Problem-Solution-Evaluation
Cause-Effect

35. Effective Technical Writing: Ethics
Ethics – methods encouraging moral standards in technical writing
Practical
Legal
Moral
Practical-
Legal—
Moral--

36. Effective Technical Writing: Ethics
General categories of ethics in communication
Behavior towards colleagues, subordinates and others (plagiarism, harassment, malicious actions)
Dealing with experimental subjects, interviewees, etc. (informed consent)
Telling the “truth” (falsify data, misrepresent facts)
Rhetoric—choosing your words (loaded words, discriminatory language, logical fallacies)

37. *CLARITY In the goals of effective TW:
The ultimate goal of effective technical writing is to say the same thing to every reader.
*CLARITY

38. _____________which means expressing oneself in the fewest number of words at the same time retaining completeness in meaning.
* CONCISENESS

39. The importance of correct grammar and mechanics
*ACCURACY

41. Effective Technical Writing: Process
The writing process is effective and easy.
All that you need to do is three things:
Prewrite (about 25 percent of your time)
Write/Draft (about 25 percent of your time)
Rewrite/Post-write (about 50 percent of your time)

42. Effective Technical Writing: Prewriting Techniques
Brainstorming sessions
Free writing of looping
Interview
Questionnaire survey
Reading
Listing
Speculating
Semantic Mapping or Drawing
*Tech.Writing in this era of globalization and modern technology

43. DRAFTING or WRITING The stage of packaging or formatting data
Data packaging– means spending time and effort in forming clear and correct sentences to express the ideas you have collected through a pre-writing strategy or data-collecting technique
- It involves the use of appropriate transitional devices and paragraph organizational techniques that are suitable to your purpose and are effective for paragraph unity, coherence and emphasis.

44. Formatting Data – makes you think of how your report should appear
This means giving your written work a design, lay-out, or arrangement of its words, sentences, and paragraphs, illustrations, colors and so forth.

45. POST-WRITING
A. Revising – making changes in the context and organization of the text so that it will reflect your specific purpose, fit your intended audience, and apply the essential qualities of a paragraph like unity, coherence, emphasis and correctness

46. B. Editing – means to check the grammaticalness of the text
The use of the different parts of speech, to diction or choice of words, to construction of sentences, and to your punctuation marks and spelling.
C. Proofreading – focusing attention to typographical errors, report format, documentation style as well as missing parts or words in the written work.

47. Technical Writing Is important to success in business
Lets you conduct business
Takes time
Costs the company
Reflects your interpersonal communication skills
Often involves teamwork

48. Sources Society for Technical Communication
Technical Writing - A Dalton: Organizing
Online Technical Writing: Information Infrastructures – Comparison
Online Technical Writing