1. Classification of Matter

2. Matter Matter Anything that has mass and occupies space Anything that has mass and occupies space Pure substance Pure substance Has a constant composition Has a constant composition It’s identified by a formula or symbol It’s identified by a formula or symbol Examples Examples water- H 2 O – always has 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen water- H 2 O – always has 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen Helium - He Helium - He

3. Classification of Matter Compound Compound Composed of two or more different types of atoms that cannot be decomposed by physical means Composed of two or more different types of atoms that cannot be decomposed by physical means Chemically combined Chemically combined Examples Examples Sodium chloride- NaCl Sodium chloride- NaCl Carbon dioxide- CO 2 Carbon dioxide- CO 2

4. Classification of Matter Element Element Simple substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by any chemical change Simple substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by any chemical change

5. Mixtures of Matter A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances The individual pure substances do not change their chemical properties, however The individual pure substances do not change their chemical properties, however There are two types of mixtures: There are two types of mixtures: Heterogeneous mixtures do not have the same consistency throughout Heterogeneous mixtures do not have the same consistency throughout Homogeneous mixtures do have the same consistency Homogeneous mixtures do have the same consistency

6. Examples of Mixtures Solution A on the left is an example of a heterogeneous mixture Solution B on the right is an example of a homogeneous mixture

7. Classification of Matter Flowchart Matter Pure Substances ElementsCompounds Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures

8. Homogeneous Mixtures Homeogeneous mixtures are more often referred to as solutions Homeogeneous mixtures are more often referred to as solutions Not all solutions are liquid: Not all solutions are liquid: Gas-gas Gas-gas Gas-liquid Gas-liquid Liquid-gas Liquid-gas Liquid-liquid Liquid-liquid Solid-liquid Solid-liquid Solid-solid Solid-solid

9. Different Types of Solutions

10. Separating Mixtures Sometimes scientists find it helpful to be able to separate mixtures Sometimes scientists find it helpful to be able to separate mixtures Depending on the type of mixture, there are several techniques used to separate (purify) mixtures Depending on the type of mixture, there are several techniques used to separate (purify) mixtures

11. Separation Techniques Filtration is a technique that can be used to separate solids from a liquid/solid mixture Filtration is a technique that can be used to separate solids from a liquid/solid mixture

12. Separation Techniques Distillation is a separation technique that separates two substances based on their boiling points Distillation is a separation technique that separates two substances based on their boiling points

13. Separation Techniques Crystallization is a separation technique that separates a solid from a solution. Crystallization is a separation technique that separates a solid from a solution. The solid precipitates from solution (forms a solid) in a pure form The solid precipitates from solution (forms a solid) in a pure form

14. Separation Techniques Chromatography Chromatography Commonly used in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry Commonly used in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry Huge field of study (many different types of chromatography) Huge field of study (many different types of chromatography)

15. Classification of Matter Flowchart