1. mixtures

2. The organization of Matter
mixtures
heterogeneous
homogeneous
Pure substances
Elements
Oxygen, iron
Compounds
Salt, sugar

3. Classification of Matter A. Pure Substance
Composition is always the same, whatever the source…never varies
Element –
Simplest form of matter
Made up of identical atoms
All listed on PTOE (92 natural)
Au, Na, O2, S8 are all elements
Cannot be broken down

5. Classification of Matter Pure Substance
Compounds
Combination of more than one type of element joined by bonds (CO2, NaCl)
Components separated by chemical rxn
Represented with a chemical formula
Letters indicate type of element
Subscripts tell how many

6. Classification of Matter Pure Substance
Molecule – combination of more that one atom held by covalent bonds (all elements in a molecule are nonmetals)
O2 is a molecule of the oxygen element
O3 is a molecule of the oxygen element
CO2 is a molecule and a compound
NaCl is NOT a molecule but a compound

7. MIXTURES
A. Definition of Mixture - combination of pure substances that retain their properties B. Types of Mixtures 1. heterogeneous - individual substances are distinct (composition is not uniform throughout) a. examples – sand, vegetable soup 2. homogeneous - individual substances are not distinct (uniform composition throughout) a. examples - solutions

8. MIXTURES B. Types – 2. homogeneous
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type of solution examples
solid – liquid sugar water, salt water
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gas – liquid carbonated beverages
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liquid – liquid alcohol, vinegar
gas – gas air
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solid - solid alloys (metal + metal)

9. Classifying Matter Mixtures
Combination of two or more pure substances
Composition of mixtures varies from source to source
Components can be separated by physical means (magnet, filter, distillation)
No chemical formula
List of ‘ingredients’

10. Classifying Matter Mixtures
Homogenous Mixtures
Uniform composition throughout one sample
Also known as solutions
Solutions can be solid, liquid or gas
Aqueous solutions have water as solvent

12. Sometimes you need additional information

13. Classifying Matter Mixtures
Heterogenous Mixture
Composition varies within one sample

14. Mixtures-bozeman

15. Tyndell effect
The Tyndall effect, also known as Tyndall scattering, is light scattering by particles in a colloid or particles in a fine suspension. It is named after the 19th-century physicist John Tyndall.

16. Aluminum
Paper
Gold
Orange juice
Fruit on the bottom yogurt
Iced tea
Diamond
Air
Octane (C8H18)
Glucose
Oil and water
Hand lotion