1. Matter and Molecules Review Chapter 3 Review

2. Vocabulary  In living things, carbohydrates are broken down into ______________ for fuel.  Simple Sugars

3. Vocabulary  Long chains of _______ make proteins.  Amino Acids

4. Vocabulary  A chemical reaction can be represented by a __________.  Chemical Equation

5. Vocabulary  A substance that is made up of more than one kind of element is called a ___________.  Compound

6. Vocabulary  Anything that takes up space and has mass is _________.  Matter

7. Vocabulary  The raw materials in a chemical reaction are called __________.  Reactants

8. Vocabulary  Cell activities in living things are directed by ___________.  Nucleic Acids

9. What’s the Difference?  Chemical Symbol vs. Chemical Formula  Symbol- one- or two-letter symbol for an element. Formula- combination of chemical symbols used to represent a compound.

10. What’s the Difference?  Reactant vs. Product  Reactant- substance used up in chemical reaction (usually on left). Product- substance that is produced by a chemical reaction (right side).

11. What’s the Difference?  Amino acids vs. Nucleic Acids  Amino Acids- building blocks of proteins. Nucleic Acids- molecules that help direct cell activities and cell reproduction.

12. What the Difference?  Mixture vs. Solution  Mixture- two or more compounds that do not combine chemically. Solution- type of mixture in which the substances mix evenly.

13. What’s the Difference?  Element vs. Compound  Element- basic substances that make up matter. Compound- substance made up of more than one element.

14. What’s the Difference  Organic Compound vs. Inorganic Compound  Organic- found in living things and generally contain Carbon. Inorganic- generally do not contain Carbon.

15. What’s the Difference?  Atom vs. Molecule  Atom- building blocks of elements. Molecules- building blocks of compounds.

16. Check Your Knowledge  How many types of atoms can be contained in an element?  One

17. Check Your Knowledge  How does your body use proteins?  Proteins are used to build and repair body parts, to speed up chemical reactions, and to protect the body from diseases.

18. Check Your Knowledge  What is Matter?  Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.

19. Check Your Knowledge  Starches and sugars are examples of what type of organic compound?  Carbohydrates

20. Check Your Knowledge  What form of matter has definite volume but not definite shape?  Liquid

21. Check Your Knowledge  Name the three phases of matter.  Solid, Liquid, Gas

22. Check Your Knowledge  What happens during a chemical change?  Atoms are rearranged to form new compounds.

23. Check Your Knowledge  How do chemists represent elements?  With one- or two-letter symbols.

24. Check Your Knowledge  What is the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?  Organic contain Carbon; inorganic don’t.

25. Check Your Knowledge  Give an example of a physical change.  Ex. Ice melting, ripping a piece of paper, cutting a rubber band.

26. True or False?  Molecules are made up of atoms and are the building blocks of elements.  False; Compounds

27. True of False?  A physical change occurs when ice melts.  True

28. True or False?  A chemical change affects a substance’s characteristics but does not change its identity.  False; Physical Change

29. True of False?  Organic compounds include proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.  True

30. True of False?  In chemical equations, chemical formulas represent compounds.  True

31. True or False?  You balance a chemical equation by placing letters called coefficients in front of the chemical formulas.  False; Numbers

32. Check Your Understanding  What is the difference between a solid, a liquid, and a gas?  Solid- definite shape and volume; particles close together. Liquid- definite volume. Gas- no definite shape or volume; particles spread out.

33. Check Your Understanding  What are the three parts that make up an atom? What are their charges? Where are they located?  Protons- in nucleus; positive charge. Neutron- in nucleus; no charge. Electron floating around nucleus; negative charge.

34. Check Your Understanding  What do the subscripts in a chemical formula indicate?  The number of atoms in a molecule.

35. Check Your Understanding  What’s the difference between DNA and RNA?  DNA- directs cell to perform processes. RNA- carries information elsewhere in cell.

36. Check Your Understanding  How many Hydrogen atoms are in the molecule: 2C 6 H 12 O 6  24