1. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Hydrometeorology and Water Power in DOE-EE Michael J. Sale Sr. Energy Consultant, SENTECH, Inc. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Presentation at OFCM workshop, September 17, 2008

2. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Proposed Wind & Water Power Program Alignment Wind and Hydropower Technologies Wind Technology Viability Team Distributed Wind Technologies Manufacturing and Int’l Business Water PowerWind Technology Application Team Technical / State Outreach Jon Miles – James Madison University Federal Collaboration Transmission Chief Engineer

3. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Water power R&D was restored in FY 2008 DOE directed to establish marine and hydrokinetic technology program $10 million in FY08 to address advanced water power technologies (including conventional hydro) The majority of ’08 funds will be distributed to industry, academia and others via competitive solicitations $3 million requested for ’09 ’09 House mark  $40m;

4. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Program priorities are driven by EISA language this year Reestablish effective Water Power Program Marine and Hydrokinetics Understand the full-range of technologies and their performance characteristics Investigate potential environmental impacts and how they can be mitigated or minimized Reduce costs and improve performance through technology development and testing Develop National Marine Energy RD&D Centers Work with industry leaders to develop international standards Encourage information-sharing within government, regulators and the industry Conventional Hydropower Increase turbine efficiency Improve environmental performance

5. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Competitive solicitation is the major FY2008 activity Three primary areas: –Cost-share agreements with industry partners to improve technologies and reduce manufacturing and operational costs via technology development and testing –Grants or cost-shares to industry experts to address marine and hydrokinetic resource assessments, environmental concerns, interconnection requirements, and other barriers to development and deployment –Cost-share agreements with one or more universities or university-led consortia to help develop marine technology RD&D centers Proposals due June 16; awards to be announced in August

6. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Other FY2008 activities are underway Report on environmental impacts (as directed by EISA 2007 -- Sec 633 b) Identification and comparison of existing marine and hydrokinetic technologies International collaboration and standards development (IEA, IEC) Inter-agency collaboration Competitive Research and Development Agreements Industry/stakeholder collaboration

7. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy 7 Water Use Optimization is a growth area for hydropower WUOW help August 2004 in Hood River, OR –20 participants representing industry, agencies, and environmental NGOs –Draft report completed and circulated for comment Need for more federal R&D investment was confirmed Future Directions: –Draft Implementation Plan and Peer Review by Spring 2005 –SOS Review by September 2005 Four types of hydropower optimization were identified Type 1: Individual machines Type 2: Single dam with multiple powerplants Type 3: River basin with multiple dams Type 4: Hetergenous power systems

8. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Water control infrastructure Hydraulic routing models Water balance models Energy production models Fluvial dynamics models Water quality models Habitat distribution models Habitat, biomass, and population dynamics, behavioral models Level 1 Level 3 Level 2 Ecological community dynamics and species interactions Level 4 Flow dynamics and wetted area distribution Availability of food, energy, and habitat Species abundance Increasing complexity, uncertainty, data requirements, knowledge gaps,and modeling costs Dam safety and flood risk Max/min elevations Max/min generation TMDLsand WQ criteria Scour thresholds Fish passage and survival Reservoir health index criteria (IBI, RFAI, etc.) Specific Objectives Values (weightings) and/or priorities Sustainable Operations Examples of constraintsModeling (and scheduling/planning) components

9. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy The renewable energy world is getting more complicated

10. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Time scales and planning horizon vary Modeling across time scales –Aligning energy, water, and ecological model timing –Transferring energy, mass balance, and other constraints between nested models, Resolving events and processes—examples: –Reproduction, mortality, growth –Drought, floods, climate change –Reservoir stratification and turnover –Peak energy and ancillary services valuation

11. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Better resource estimates are needed

12. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Hydrometeorology is critical to water power development Needs/requirements Maximum precipitation and flows (e.g., for dam safety) In-channel velocity distribution Short, mid, and longer-term forecasts of flows, including climate change Magnitude and duration of river flows, wave height, and tidal currents Demonstrations of new data and tools Challenges/gaps Educate industry on available tools and demonstrate use Resource data at appropriate scales for energy development Tools for integrated power systems (wind-hydro integration) Incorporation of environmental quality variables into power system optimization (flows, temperature, habitat, etc.)

13. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Industry conferences are good for technology transfer For example, Climate & Hydro Symposium at Waterpower XV, July 2007 –Session 6A – Science and Products Dale Kaiser – CDIAC, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Arun Kumar – CPC/NCEP, NOAA John Schaake – National Weather Service (retired), Office of Hydrology –Session 6B – Applications Rolf Olson, CREEL, Corps of Engineers Ed Bruce, Duke Energy Luis Melendez, EDELCA, Venezuela

14. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy 14 For more information, see: www.sandia.gov/energy- water/

15. Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy