1. Reaching the marginalized Samer Al-Samarrai Child Friendly Budgets for 2010 and Beyond Policy Forum New York, 18-19 February EFA Global Monitoring Report 2 0 1 0

2. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Education at risk: the impact of the financial crisis Despite progress world off track to achieve EFA goals Aftershock effects will hamper progress particularly for marginalized groups: –rising poverty and levels of malnutrition –mounting fiscal pressures and slower economic growth will limit education financing –Increased aid vital for creating fiscal space but aid is under threat.

3. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 20082009201020112012201320142015 56 million 8 million 23 million Rest of the World South and West Asia 39 million Sub-Saharan Africa 45 million 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Out-of-school children (millions) East Asia and the Pacific 2000200120022003200420052006 2007 32 18 9 6 3 72 million 1999 6 8 4 105 million Out-of-school children Arab States Latin America and the Caribbean Numbers of out-of-school children are declining, but not fast enough East Asia and the Pacific Arab States Latin America and the Caribbean

4. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Richest 20% Poorest 20% Poor. rural Hausa girls Rich. rural girls Poor. urban boys Poor. rural girls Nigeria Rural Hausa Rich. urban boys Urban Rural Urban Rural Rich. rural boys Somalia Chad Bangladesh Cameroon Honduras Indonesia Bolivia Cuba Ukraine 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Average number of years of schooling Education poverty Extreme education poverty 3.3 years 6.4 years 3.5 years 9.7 years 0.5 years 10.3 years 2.6 years 0.3 years Boys Girls 6.7 years 10 years Education marginalization – inequalities within countries The case of Nigeria

5. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Consequences of the crisis on education Increased levels of poverty and rising levels of malnutrition will have irreversible consequences in education: –Undermines cognitive development and causes irreversible losses in opportunities for learning –Reductions in household spending on education –Withdrawal of children from school Negative consequences likely to fall disproportionately on the most vulnerable

6. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Budget monitoring Little evidence that low-income countries cut public spending in 2009 –Most countries in SSA planned increases in expenditure on education –Only two countries planned to cut education expenditure (Benin and Ghana) …. but problems with monitoring

7. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Economic growth matters for education financing

8. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Education financing could suffer from slower growth

9. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Fiscal space constrained in most countries off-track Room for manoeuvre is limited Many countries with extremely limited fiscal space furthest off track for achieving EFA Aid has the most immediate potential for protecting social sector budgets

10. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 3.2 3.4 4.5 5.6 4.0 5.5 4.3 3.2 8.2 7.6 7.9 9.5 10.4 12.0 9.9 12.3 12.1 199920002001200220032004200520062007 Constant 2007 US$ billions Total aid to basic education Total aid to education Aid commitments to basic education – a worrying picture Disbursements are rising, however commitments fell by 22% in 2007, to US$4.3 billion. Commitments

11. Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2010 Rising to the EFA challenge Set equity-based targets for all EFA goals and monitor their progress. Monitor early warning impacts – budgets, health/education indicators, and vulnerable groups Changes in public spending need to be pro-poor. Increase resource mobilization and strengthen equity in public spending. Identify the drivers of marginalization for specific groups and adopt integrated policies that address them. Scale up support for social protection to protect productive assets, health and education Honour aid commitments and strengthen the multilateral architecture for aid to education.

12. EFA Global Monitoring Report 2 0 1 0 www.efareport.unesco.org