1. Chapter 4 Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

2. Effects of the Eruption of Mount Pinatubo
Figure 4.1

3. Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation
Wind Essentials  
Driving Forces Within the Atmosphere  
Atmospheric Patterns of Motion  
Oceanic Currents  

4. Wind Essentials Air Pressure and Its Measurement
Mercury barometer
Aneroid barometer
Wind: Description and Measurement  
Wind
Anemometer
Wind vane
Global Winds  

5. Barometers
Figure 4.2

6. Air Pressure
Figure 4.3

7. Driving Forces Within the Atmosphere
Gravity
Pressure Gradient Force  
Coriolis Force  
Friction Force  

8. Pressure Gradient
Figure 4.7

9. Coriolis Force
Figure 4.9

10. Pressure + Coriolis + Friction
Figure 4.8

11. 500 mb Pressure Map
Figure 4.10

12. Atmospheric Patterns of Motion
Primary High-Pressure and Low-Pressure Areas  
Upper Atmospheric Circulation 
Jet Streams 
Local Winds  
Monsoonal Winds
Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)
Trade winds

13. Global Barometric Pressure
Figure 4.11

14. Global Barometric Pressure
Figure 4.11

15. Subtropical high-pressure cells
Westerlies
Bermuda high
Azores high
Pacific high
Figure 4.14

16. Subpolar low-pressure cells
Aleutian low
Icelandic low
Polar front

17. General Atmospheric Circulation
Figure 4.13

18. General Atmospheric Circulation
Figure 4.13

19. General Atmospheric Circulation
Figure 4.6

20. Polar and Subpolar Circulation
Figure 4.15

21. Rossby Waves
Figure 4.16

22. Jet Streams
Figure 4.17

23. Land-Sea Breezes
Figure 4.18

24. Mountain-Valley Breeze
Figure 4.19

25. Monsoonal Winds
Figure 4.20

26. Major Ocean Currents
Figure 4.21

27. Pacific Ocean Currents
Figure 1

28. Deep Currents
Figure 4.22

29. Elemental Geosystems 4e
End of Chapter 4
Elemental Geosystems 4e
Robert W. Christopherson
Charlie Thomsen
Modified by Jim Speer