1. Turkey: were Hittites Turks? The making of a new national past in Anatolia February 25, 2010 Arch 1810. Under the Tower of Babel: Archaeology, Politics, and Identity in the Modern Middle East Spring 2010

2. Partitioning the Ottoman territories: the Treaty of Sevres (1920)

4. Treaty of Lausanne July 24, 1923

5. Foundation of the Turkish Republic (29 October 1923)

6. M.K. Ataturk, founder of the Turkish Republic inspecting archaeological finds from Alacahoyuk (1935) and visiting Ahlatlibel (5 May 1933)

7. autochthonous “formed or originating in the place where found” territoriality of the nation state Nascent states had to “reinforce their national territorial affiliations through increasingly mythologizing their autochthonous ancestral pasts” Shaw 169

8. Modernity and the urban space Ringstraße in Vienna, in 1872

9. “His majesty the pick”: Mussolini at the Imperial Forum in Rome Image courtesy: University of Pennsylvania Fisher Fine Arts Image Collection “His majesty the pick”: Baron Haussmann Image courtesy: Google image search http://icar.poliba.it/

11. Ankara Construit The modernist architectural aesthetics of cubic blocks representing the new capital Illustration from La Turquie Kemaliste, April 1935 (Bozdogan 2001)

13. Planning of Ankara

14. Nationalist cult of youth and health: Ankara 19th of May Stadium (1936) Designed by Italian architect Paolo Vietti Violi (Bozdogan 2001)

15. Anatolia and the Hittite Empire

16. Yazılıkaya Rock-cut sanctuary (Texier 1839)

17. Hittite Hattusha (13 th c. BC) city of spectacle

22. Alacahoyuk royal tombs, Early Bronze Age III (Late 3 rd millennium BC) Tomb B Copper alloy “standard” with two bulls And a stag Horoztepe near Alacahoyuk Copper alloy sistrum with horned animals

23. Alacahoyuk royal tombs, Early Bronze Age III (Late 3 rd millennium BC) Tomb E Open worked “standard”

24. Ankara: Sihhiye monument An Early Bronze age ritual standard, Alacahoyuk, Turkey Hittite biscuits The monument: archaeology as inspiration for nationalist imagination and commemorations of the ancient past