1. Romanticism

2. Social and Political Influence Rejection of science & reason Focus on nature, emotion, & experience Focus on the rights of the commoners Time of upheaval, rebellion, & revolution Country boundaries redrawn Time of political and social changes Inspiration for freedom & reform

3. Romanticism Highlights Roots in Enlightenment –Focus on science & reason Believe the power to reason was equal to all Belief on human dignity and worth John Locke: right to life, liberty, & happiness French Revolution: focus on people’s natural goodness Revolution in France –Taxes on poor increased as wages dropped –Food was scarce –Feudalism ended & positive changes began –Reign of Terror began (1793-1794) People judged to be enemies to the French republic Many people were executed at the guillotine

4. Romanticism Highlights cont. Rise & Fall of Napoleon –Nationalism rose among the French Republic –Series of war spread French Revolutionary ideas –Battle leader, Napoleon, crowned himself Emperor of France (1804) –Europe sought allies against Napoleon's conquering –Napoleon was eventually defeated in Belgium Struggles for Independence –Inspired by French Revolution & Napoleon's invasions –Greece & Belgium gained independence –Russia did not & uprising were crushed across Europe –Dreams of freedom continued

5. Romanticism Highlights cont. Revolution in Industry –Britain rebellion was suppressed & the industrial revolution spread –Economy went from agricultural to industrial –Improved people’s standard of living –Serious problems eventually arose Unsafe working conditions Child labor Unhealthy living conditions –Reformers tried to correct the problems Seen as revolutionaries and crushed Realism emerged –Focus on everyday life –Brought problems to public attention

6. Arts & Culture Philosophy –Shift from intellect & reason –Focus on the individual & imagination –Belief that experience not reason explain the world People experience the world not as it is but have they perceive it to be with their senses. Painting –Focus on feelings & beliefs; imagination –Beauty of the natural world –Destructive force of the natural world –Exotic subjects and people Literature –Emphasis on emotion, imagination, individuals, and nature –The workings of the mind & complexity of emotions Music –Addition of personal feeling to classical music: individuality & emotion –Beethoven helped bridged the classical period into the Romantic era –Wrote a symphony dedicated to Napoleon but tore up the inscription when he found out Napoleon had declared himself emperor

7. Madame Bovary Literary Response Outline Thesis –Topic Sentence 1 Support Quote(s) –Topic Sentence 2 Support Quote(s) Thesis –Topic Sentence 1 Support Quote –Topic Sentence 2 Support Quote –Topic Sentence 3 Support Quote