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2. 5.Volcanoes 2

3. 3 When the plates of Earth collide, sometimes a volcano is formed Vocabulary volcano When the material from the mantle erupts onto the surface and cools

4. 4 Vocabulary: erupt To burst out, or explode (like when a mixture of liquid rock and hot gases erupt from a volcano)

5. Liquid rock, hot gases, pieces of rock, or a mixture of these may erupt from the volcano

6. 6 Not all volcanoes erupt in the same way Some erupt quietly, while others erupt violently

7. 7 In a quiet eruption, lava flows slowly out of the volcano

8. 8 But sometimes, the vent in the volcano is plugged Vocabulary: vent An opening in a volcano

9. 9 Then pressure builds up inside the volcano And a violent eruption takes place

10. 10 In 1980, Mount St. Helens in the state of Washington erupted violently The blast blew 1,200 feet off the top of the mountain

11. 11 Different types of volcanic mountains are formed depending on the kind of eruption and the materials that pour out of the volcano

12. 12 Shield volcanoes formed the low, rounded mountains, like Mauna Loa in Hawaii

13. 13 Vocabulary: Shield volcano A low, rounded mountain formed when lava spreads out around a vent in a quiet eruption

14. 14 In 1943 a Mexican farmer noticed a hole in his cornfield giving off smoke Throughout the night hot glowing cinders were thrown into the air

15. 15 Vocabulary: cinders Volcanic rocks about the size of golf balls

16. 16 In just a few days a cinder cone several hundred meters high covered his cornfield

17. 17 Vocabulary: Cinder cone A cone shaped mountain made when a volcano erupts violently and throws cinders out the top

18. 18 This cinder cone volcano is called Paricutin in Mexico in 1948

19. 19 Composite volcanoes are towering cone-shaped mountains Like Mount Fuji in Japan

20. 20 Vocabulary Composite volcano A volcano formed by layers of cinders and layers of lava flows

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23. 23 Sang by: Jimmy Buffet!