1. Rome and Han China 753 B.C.E.-600 C.E
Eliza, Keyasa, Ashley and Jordan

2. Roman and Han Empires The Roman Empire included all lands surrounding.
Mediterranean Sea as well as portions of Continental Europe and Middle East.
The Han Empire included the Pacific Ocean to Central Asia.
These were the largest Empires the world had ever.
Still centralized location better than earlier empires.
Neither empire influenced each other.

3. Roman Empire Land and Resources
Hills and Mountains
Apennine Range runs length like spine separating western and western coastal plains
Etruria was rich in iron and other metals
Hills provided timber and fuel
Coastal plains and river valleys had fertile volcanic soil and sustained a much larger population than was possible in Greece.
Tiber River

4. Roman Empire Social Economic
Land was a basis of wealth, social status and political privileges.
Women were under jurisdiction of men. First under their father, then her husband and his family.
Plebians: hardworking class (majority of population).
The merging of several hilltop communities to later become Roman Forum. (Civic center 600 B.C.E.).
Roman Forum then
Roman Forum now

5. Roman Empire Interaction
Traded on the Silk Road with the Chinese
Depended on Egypt and Sicily for grains
Prisoners of war were slaves
Economy depended on trade and slave labor

6. Roman Empire Politics
Council of Elders: head of wealthy families made up senatorial class
Roman Senate: officials elected annually by free males
Patron/Client Relationship
Tribunes: elected by the lower class; had veto power in patricians (elite, wealthy, landowners) decisions

7. Fall of Roman Republic
The Fall of the Republic was more than a single man or event.
It was a culmination of several individual actions or achievements, coupled with social conditions that weighed heavily on Roman society.
Massive and rapid expansion from Rome's foundation created monumental holes in the political and governing ability of the Senate.
Periods of stability were mixed in with those of near collapse.
Beginning with the Punic Wars and Roman conquest outside of Italy, followed by massive importation of slaves, the face of Roman life was changing far more rapidly than the governing body could deal with.

8. The Roman Principate 31 B.C.E. to 330 C.E.
Period after the fall of Roman Republic
Founded by Augustus
Augustus: 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD

9. The Roman Principate Social Economic
Equites: class of well-to-do merchants and land owners that become the new core of the Roman Empire
Pax Romana, or Roman Peace, was intended for the spreading of Romanization (spread of Latin language and Roman way of life)

10. The Roman Principate Rise of Christianity Politics Technology Religion
Emperors were chosen by the senate
Technology
Aqueducts
Architecture
Concrete
Religion
Worshipped emperors rather than gods
Third Century Crisis
Political and economic problems with the empire
Diocletian imposed radical changes that helped Roman get out of the crisis.
Rise of Christianity
Jesus
Although his message was proving popular, the claim of his disciples that Jesus was the son of God offended many people. What’s more, his ideas were revolutionary and threatened to undermine thousands of years of social tradition.
Aqueduct

11. The Byzantine Empire
In 324 B.C.E. Constantine transferred the capital from Rome to Byzantium, which was renamed Constantinople.
The name Byzantine was derived from Constantinople’s original name.
Christian patriarch (Constantine and his mother studded the city with churches)

12. The Byzantine Empire: Split Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the name of the eastern portion of the Roman Empire
Strategic geographical significance between the Black Sea and The Mediterranean Sea
Most of the trade was done between Asia, Europe and North Africa, passed through the empire which made it wealthy.
Diocletian split the Empire into two, creating Eastern and Western
He believed the republic was too large to govern, so it was put under different rulers
Western was Catholic and Eastern was Eastern Orthodox
The split persevered Roman and Greek cultures and also helped interact with the rest of the world
Justinian ruled the Byzantine Empire

13. The Byzantine Empire: Collapse
The Empire collapsed because of the invasion of the Ottomans
Following a number of civil disputes in the Byzantine Empire, the Ottomans subjugated the Byzantines as vassals in attempts to relieve this vassal status culminated in the Fall of Constantinople.

14. Imperial China: The Qin Empire 221 B.C.E.-206 B.C.E.
In the second half of the third century, the Qin conquered its rivals and created China’s first empire.
The Qin were one of the warring states in China
Well known for the Terracotta Army

15. The Qin Empire Shi Huangdi was the founder of the Qin Empire
The Qin were a warring state that conquered its rivals and became China’s first Empire
Ruled in a Legalist way and were determined to eliminate rival centers or authority
Financial exploitation demanded forced labor
When Shi Huangdi died, a series of rebellions broke out, but the dynasty was finally brought down
Abolished slavery
Shi Huangdi

16. The Qin Empire Built thousands of miles of roads and canals
Imposed standard weight, measure, money, uniform law, and a common written language
Qin Shi Huang

17. The Han Empire 206 B.C.E. to 220 B.C.E.
Chang’an was China’s first capital city
It was an ancient power from which the Zhou and Qin dynasties emerged from-Western Han Capital

19. The Han Empire
Gentry: educated men with valued expertise who served as local officials and made the governement more efficient
The father was the authority figure in the household
Common people lived in alleys
The Elite had multistory houses, fine silks, horse drawn carriages and leisure time

20. The Han Empire Politics Religion Environment Technology Interaction
Mandate of Heaven
Emperor was the link between family and ancestors and had many wives
Central government run by prime ministers
Civil service director
Nine ministers taking on military, legal, economic and religious responsibilities
Religion
Emperor had divinity
Rituals emphasizing the worship of Heaven
Environment
Ring of hills
Fertile plain
Technology
Military expansion
Elegant banquets and entertainment
Interaction
Silk was a major export