2. RomeRome: Republic and Empire

3. Geography & Culture Middle of Mediterranean on Italian Peninsula The Tiber River WHY IS POSITION IMPORTANT??? ****Latins, Greeks, and Etruscans** –**Writing, BUIDLING, dress

4. Development WHAT RULES DO WE NOT WANT TO FOLLOW??? People WERE tired of “king-like” ruler making all of the decisions Kings are harsh, cruel, one- sided, abusive, power driven, etc. monarchy was banned and a REPUBLIC formed. **Republic -citizens elected representatives

5. Classes ***PLEBEIANS Common man (farmers & merchants) **PATRICIANS - nobles Upper class, wealthy landowners

7. **The 12 tables Tribunes-elected plebeian official a written code for the lower (uneducated) class Kept LAWS equal and fair Protection: laws favored the ones who wrote them!

8. Military Basic fighting unit was the legion –Lined foot soldiers in 80-100 man lines (Century’s) –Effective because of ability to “flank” or move (visual)

9. **JULIUS CAESAR & 1 ST TRIUMVIRATE Military general-gained wealth and power Allied himself with Pompey and Crassus to form “First Triumvirate” appointed dictator by senate(?) Stabbed to death-too powerful

10. **2 nd triumvirate After murder of Julius’-civil war in Rome. Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus –revenge for assassination Octavian-restored order & “republic” ideals & becomes…FIRST EMPEROR OF ROME =augustus caesar

11. **2 nd triumvirate Mark Antony wanted Octavians power and sided with Cleopatra (Eygpt) to try to overthrow him. DIDN’T WORK & BOTH COMMITTED SUICIDE

12. **Christianity (mono) in Rome “Post” Jesus Paul - originally a skeptic became Christian SPREAD the faith through the empire

14. Gladiators

15. Lasting Achievements Architecture –ARCH & AQUADUCT ARCH provided strength AQUADUCT brought water from miles to hydrate Rome.

16. Achievements cont’d Paved Roads= 50,000 miles of paved –=GA to CA 20x Republican Govt.- people have control Trial by Jury –“innocent until proven guilty”

17. Fall of Rome 1- (Economic)-inflation 2- (Military)-Generals had more influence & outside threats 3-(Social/political) a. movement- Empire split into East (Byzantine empire) & Western Roman Empire b. reform- many strained weak empire

18. E.S.P.EN How are Greece & Rome Similar and Different? With a partner use your notes to review the SOCIAL, POLITICAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF THE 2 PLACES. CREATE A CHART THAT LOOKS LIKE THIS! GREECEROME SOCIAL- HOW DID PEOPLE INTERACT? POLITICAL= HOW WERE THEY GOVERNED? ENVIRONMENTAL- HOW DID THEY USE THEIR SURROUNDINGS?

19. QUIZ Coming Review all of your Greece and Rome notes and terms. Good Luck Damian.mitchell@cobbk12.org