1. The Italian Renaissance Part B The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance

2. 1.What were two big trends in how Renaissance thought developed? Individualism (Individual expression and glory) Secularism (A focus on this world) 2. What was Renaissance Humanism? A study of ancient Greek and Roman writings, particularly the ancient emphasis on man and worldly achievement

3. Erasmus Renaissance Humanist

4. 3. In terms of subjects, what did Renaissance Humanists study? Grammar, Rhetoric, Literature, Philosophy, History Today, we call these subjects the humanities 4. Who was the father of Renaissance Humanism? Petrarch, an Italian poet

5. Petrarch, 1304-1374

6. 5. Who was Dante? An Italian author who wrote The Divine Comedy, a story of a journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven Dante’s story utilizes people from Roman history

7. Dante with a copy of the Divine Comedy

8. 6. Besides printed works, what else transmitted some Renaissance ideas? Humanist schools that emphasized the liberal arts (humanities, e.g.) Education came to be seen more and more as a tool of self-improvement

9. 7. Prior to the Renaissance, Medieval painting tended to be what? Two-dimensional and cartoonish 8. How were Renaissance paintings different? Renaissance paintings were more Three- dimensional and realistic Renaissance subjects appear more alive and realistic

10. Example of Medieval Painting

11. Example of the realism in Renaissance Paintings

12. 9. What was one of the most important Renaissance painting techniques? Linear Perspective Linear Perspective creates 3-D perspective

13. Linear Perspective in The Last Supper

14. Linear Perspective in Delivery of the Keys by Perugino

15. 10. Renaissance sculpture was known for what? Accuracy (Realism) 11. Who were some of the great Renaissance sculptors? Donatello (1386-1466) Michelangelo (1475-1564)

16. Sculpture by Donatello Statue of St. George

17. Sculpture by Michelangelo Moses, The Tomb of Pope Julius II

18. 12. Who were some of the great Renaissance painters? Raphael (1483-1520) Michelangelo (1475-1564) Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Titian Albrecht Durer (1417-1528)

19. Painting by Raphael School of Athens

20. Painting by Michelangelo Portion of The Last Judgment

21. Painting by Leonardo da Vinci The Virgin and Child with St. Anne

22. Painting by Titian Portrait of Charles V

23. Painting by Albrecht Durer Four Apostles

24. 13.What were some of Michelangelo’s great works? Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, a series of paintings of Biblical events on the ceiling panels of the Sistine Chapel Pieta, a marble statue of Mary and the crucified Jesus David, a marble statue of the Biblical Hebrew warrior and king

25. Michelangelo’s Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

26. Michelangelo’s Pieta

27. Michelangelo’s David

28. 14. What were some of Leonardo da Vinci’s greatest works? Mona Lisa, a painting of a woman with a mysterious smile/smirk The Last Supper, a mural of Christ and his Disciples celebrating the Passover (a sacred Jewish meal) Sketches, a series of drawings, including machines

29. Leonardo’s Mona Lisa

30. Leonardo’s The Last Supper

31. Leonardo’s Sketches

32. 15. To where did the Renaissance spread? To the north: France, Germany, and England 16. With its emphasis on scholarship, individualism, and secularism, for what did the Renaissance pave the way? The Protestant Reformation

33. 17. What did the Protestant Reformation do? It shattered Catholic Christendom into many different religious sects, identities, and camps Christian unity in the West—a unity that had lasted over 1000 years—had died

34. The Protestant Reformation Luther and Calvin